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Cell Reproduction
Prokaryotes Bacteria
Eukaryotes Plants & animals
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Prokaryotes
Lack a nucleus
Have a single chromosome
Reproduce by binary fission
Include bacteria
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3. Steps in Binary Fission
Used by bacteria
Cells increase their cell mass slightly
DNA & cell components are replicated
Each cell divides into 2 daughter cells
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4. Binary Fission of Bacterial Cell
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5. E. Coli Dividing by Binary Fission
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Eukaryotes
Contain a nucleus & membrane bound organelles
Asexually reproduce cells by mitosis
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Cell Cycle
Stages in growth & division
G1 Phase
S Phase
G2 Phase
M Phase
Cytokinesis
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G1 Phase
First growth stage
Cell increases in size
Cell prepares to copy its DNA
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Synthesis Phase
Copying of all of DNA’s instructions
Chromosomes duplicated
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G2 Phase
Time between DNA synthesis & mitosis
Cell continues growing
Needed proteins produced
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M Phase
Cell growth & protein production stop
Cell’s energy used to make 2 daughter cells
Called mitosis or karyokinesis (nuclear division)
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Life Cycle of a Cell
Mitosis is a cycle with no beginning or end.
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13. Interphase – Resting Stage
Cells carrying on normal activities
Chromosomes aren’t visible
Cell metabolism is occurring
Occurs before mitosis
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Interphase
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Stages of Mitosis
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
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16. Cells Undergoing Mitosis
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Steps in Prophase
DNA coils tightly & becomes visible as chromosomes
Nuclear membrane disappears
Nuceolus disappears
Centrioles migrate to poles
Spindle begins to form
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Prophase
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19. Eukaryotic Chromosome
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Human Chromosomes
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Steps in Metaphase
Spindle fibers from centrioles attach to each chromosome
Cell preparing to separate its chromosomes
Cell aligns its chromosomes in the middle of the cell
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Metaphase
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Steps in Anaphase
Cell chromosomes are separated
Spindle fibers shorten so chromosomes pulled to ends of cell
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Mitotic Spindle
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Anaphase
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Steps in Telophase
Separation of chromosomes completed
Cell Plate forms (plants)
Cleavage furrow forms(animals)
Nucleus & nucleolus reform
Chromosomes uncoil
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Telophase
       Plant            
Animal
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Cytokinesis
Occurs after chromosomes separate
Forms two, identical daughter cells
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Cytokinesis
Cell Plate Forming in Plant Cells
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