1. The Progressive Movement

2. Problems of Industrialization
Unskilled labor
Low morale
Low wages
Child labor

3. Robber Barons or Philanthropist?
Those who gained their riches at the expense of the poor and the working class
Lavish lifestyles of the wealthy at this time fed criticism
Many spent freely to show off their wealth
Public criticism and sense of social responsibility led the wealthy to use part of their wealth to aid society

4. Excesses of the Gilded Age
– Income disparity, lavish lifestyles
– Practices of robber barons

5. Vanderbilt Mansion

6. Rockefeller Mansion

9. Dangerous Working Conditions

10. Long hours, low wages, no job security, no benefits

11. Company towns

12. Employment of women

13. Progressive Movement

14. Progressive Movement
Created to solve the problems caused by Industrialization

15. Goals of the Progressives
Government controlled by people
Guaranteed economic opportunities through government regulation
Elimination of social injustices

16. Progressive accomplishments in local governments…
New forms to meet needs of increasing urbanization

17. In state governments…
Referendum
Initiative
Recall

18. Referendum
Process that allows citizens to approve or reject a law passed by their legislature

19. Initiative
Petition-based law

20. Recall
Procedure that permits voters to remove public officials from office before the next election

21. In elections Primary elections
Direct election of U.S. Senators (17th Amendment)
Secret ballot

22. In child labor… Muckraking literature describing abuses of child labor
Child labor laws

23. Muckrakers
Journalists who uncover wrongdoing in politics or business

24. Strikes and Labor Unions

25. Knights of Labor Secret brotherhood of skilled workers Goals:
Unity of all workers
8 hour day
Equal pay for men and women

26. Haymarket Square Riot Chicago 1886 Workers strike for an 8 hour day
26 people die as a result

27. American Federation of Labor
Samuel Gompers started
Goals:
Better working conditions
Higher wages
8-hour day
No child labor
tenement reform

28. American Railroad Union
Eugene v. Debs leader
Union that united all workers on the RR

29. Industrial Ladies’ Garment Workers Union
1909
Tried to improve working conditions for women in sweatshops

31. Organizations formed in response to labor laws
Knights of Labor
American Federation of Labor (Samuel Gompers)
American Railway Union (Eugene V. Debs)
International Ladies’ Garment Workers Union

32. Strikes in response to labor laws
Haymarket Square
Homestead Strike
Pullman Strike
History channel Homestead
In response to financial reverses related to the economic depression that began in 1893, the Pullman Palace Car Company, a manufacturer of railroad cars, cut the already low wages of its workers by about 25 percent but did not introduce corresponding reductions in rents and other charges at Pullman, its company town near Chicago, where most Pullman workers lived. As a result, many workers and their families faced starvation. When a delegation of workers tried to present their grievances about low wages, poor living conditions, and 16-hour workdays directly to the company’s president, George M. Pullman, he refused to meet with them and ordered them fired. 
llman Strike, (May 11, 1894–c. July 20, 1894), in U.S. history, widespread railroadstrike and boycott that severely disrupted rail traffic in the Midwest of the United States in June–July The federal government’s response to the unrest marked the first time that an injunction was used to break a strike. Amid the crisis, on June 28, President Grover Cleveland and Congress created a national holiday, Labor Day, as a conciliatory gesture toward the American labour movement.
The ARU’s president, Eugene V. Debs, predicted that, once the switchmen refused to add or remove Pullman cars from trains, the railroads would fire them and try to replace them with nonunion workers, and that in turn would lead other union members to walk out in solidarity, thus bringing more and more trains to a halt.
The scenario played out as Debs had predicted. On June 27, 5,000 workers left their jobs and 15 railroads were tied up. By the next day, 40,000 had walked off, and rail traffic was snarled on all lines west of Chicago. On the third day, the number of strikers had climbed to 100,000, and at least 20 lines were either tied up or completely stopped. By June 30, 125,000 workers on 29 railroads had quit work rather than handle Pullman cars. The ARU had few locals in the East or the Deep South, but the boycott seemed remarkably effective everywhere else.

33. Gains from labor laws
Limited work hours
Regulated work conditions

34. Anti-trust laws
Laws to regulate business during the Progressive Movement

35. Sherman Anti-trust Act
Prevents any business structure that “restrains trade” (monopolies)

36. Clayton Anti-trust Act
Expands Sherman Anti-Trust Act; outlaws price-fixing; exempts unions from Sherman Act

37. Suffrage
The right to vote

38. Leader in the fight for women’s suffrage
Susan B. Anthony
Leader in the fight for women’s suffrage

39. Gave women the right to vote
19th Amendment
Gave women the right to vote