1. Cell Anatomy

2. Cells
Start with istockphoto (Single-celled amoeba) and person For second paragraph, use istockphoto
All living organisms on earth are made up of cells. Cells are the basic structural unit for all organisms. They are small compartments that hold the biological equipment necessary to keep an organism alive. Living things may be single-celled or they may be very complex, like human beings.
In larger organisms, the main purpose of a cell is to organize. Cells hold a variety of pieces and each cell type has a different purpose. By dividing responsibilities among different groups of cells, it is easier for an organism to survive and grow. What are those pieces or structures that make up the cell?

3. Parts of a Cell
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4. Knowledge Check 1 Nucleus Peroxisome Plasma membrane Golgi Apparatus
Mitochondrion
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Lysosome
Ribosomes
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Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Cytoplasm
Flagellum

5. Knowledge Check 2 Drag each definition to the correct term.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosomes attached to the rough ER synthesize proteins that leave cells via the Golgi apparatus.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Synthesizes lipids incorporated in cell membranes, steroid hormones, and certain carbohydrates used to form glycoproteins. Removes and stores Ca++ from the cell’s interior.
Golgi apparatus
Synthesizes carbohydrates, combines it with protein, and packages the product as globules of glycoprotein.
Vesicles
Membranous bags that temporarily contain molecules for transport or later use.
Lysosomes
Bags of digestive enzymes break down defective cell parts and ingested particles; a cell’s “digestive system”.
Peroxisomes
Contain enzymes that detoxify harmful substances.
Mitochondria
Catabolism; adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis; a cell’s “power plants”.
Nucleus
Houses the genetic code, which in turn dictates protein synthesis, thereby playing an essential role in other cell activities, namely, cell transport, metabolism, and growth.
Match terms and definitions

6. Knowledge Check 3 Drag each definition to the correct term.
Ribosomes
Site of protein synthesis.
Proteasomes:
Destroys misfolded or otherwise abnormal proteins manufactured by the cell.
Cytoskeleton
Acts as a framework to support the cell and its organelles; functions in cell movement (using molecular motors); forms cell extensions (microvilli, cilia, flagella).
Centrosome
The microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) of the cell; includes two centroles that assist in forming and organizing microtubules.
Microvilli
Tiny, fingerlike extensions that increase a cell’s absorptive surface area.
Cilia and flagella
Hairlike cell extensions that serve to move substances over the cell surface (cilia) or propel sperm cells (flagella)
Nucleolus
Part of the nucleus; plays an essential role in the formation of ribosomes.
Match terms and definitions

7. Picture of tech looking at xray
Picture of tech looking at xray? Maybe something funny, where he zaps a person who turns into a monster or something?
Why is it important for a radiologic technologist to know cell anatomy? Looking at the cell structure, you may assume that the cell is a perfect system that works and regenerates perfectly each time the cells divide to create a new cell. Unfortunately, that’s more wishful thinking than reality.
As a radiographer, you use ionizing radiation to create images of the inside of the body. While you might like to believe that radiation will not have an effect at the cellular level or at any level for that matter, it can be generally stated that NO living cells are completely resistant to radiation. Cell damage manifests itself in many different ways. The damage may vary from alteration of a single molecule, which can be repaired at once, to death of the cell. Damage most frequently occurs in the nuclear structures; particularly the chromosomes at time of division and can undergo dramatic changes as a result of radiation exposure. Radiation protection is very important when using ionizing radiation for imaging purposes. Limiting the area that is to be examined is an example of limiting exposure. Each part of the body is made up of many different kinds of cells that make up various types of tissues and tissues that are part of various organs. Each one is radiosensitive and that sensitivity will vary from system to system or from cell type to cell type. Knowing what you could potentially be damaging should help you use appropriate protective measures, both for yourself and for patients, when you perform radiographic procedures.