1. New methods to collect travel data

2. Objective Demonstration study Compare with ”traditionell” TS
Online questionnarie with map support
Mobile app
Compare with ”traditionell” TS
Test recruitment methods
Random sample
Web panel
Crowdsourcing

3. Overview - method Data collection method Recruitment method
Random sampling
Web panel
Crowdsourcing
Traditional TS
Postal/online questionnaire -
Our study
Online questionnaire without incentive
Online questionnaire with incentive
Mobile app

4. Number of mailings and number of respondents
Collection method
Recruitment method
No. of mailings
Number of respondents
Response rate
Online questionnaire
Random sample (w/o incentive)
1,400
192
14%
Random sample (with incentive)
222
16%
Web panel
1,519
221
N/A
Crowdsourcing
407
Mobile app
Random sample
2,800 70 3%
5,085
199
284
Förutbestämt för slump, panel tills man uppnådde vårt önskemål. Mobilapp, lågt, beror på problem med utskick. Borde hamnat på ca 5-10 %.

5. Mobile app Recruitment method Downloaded the mobile app
Number of net responses
Average number of reported days per person
Random sample 99 70 9
Panel
246
199 11
Crowdsourcing
410
284 16

6. Partial non-response
Geo coding – more online (1-10 %) than in app (1-2 %)
0-2 % loss of travel mode or travel time
GBG: 0 % geo coding, 7 % travel time
Unreasonable trip distance:
Mobile app, just a few cases
Online, 2-3 %
GBG, 5,5 %

7. Non-respons random sample mobile app

8. Respondent profile (example)

9. Online question. random without incentive
Online question. random without incentive
Online question. random with incentive
Online question. web panel
Online question. crowd- sourcing
Mobile app random
Mobile app web panel
Mobile app crowd- sourcing
TS GBG
Register data
Share of men
–7.4
–4.6
–3.0
–19.8
–0.8
–0.3
–0.1
–4.1
50%
Share of women
+7.4
+4.6
+3.0
+19.6
+0.8
–0.7
+4.1
16–24 years of age
–2.9
+3.7
+0.6
–9.9
–0.2
14%
25–44 years of age
–12.3
–14.0
–7.5
+4.7
+2.3
+1.1
–11.4
35%
45–64 years of age
+1.2
0.0
+2.1
+14.3
+0.2
+0.1
+4.8
31%
65–84 years of age
+13.9
+10.3
–9.1
+0.4
–2.0
–0.5
+14.1
20%
Gainfully employed
–6.3
–10.9
–13.8
+18.5
–3.2
+8.4
Lacking
64%
Not gainfully employed
+6.3
+10.9
+13.8
–18.5
+3.2
–8.4
36%
Women with driving licence
+18.8
+7.7
+9.8
+15.1
+18.1
+5.3
+20.6
+12.2
73%
Men with driving licence
+10.1
+13.6
+13.0
+15.0
+10.8
+11.7
+13.4
+11.3
80%
Flat
+0.5
+14.0
+16.6
+9.3
44%
Detached house/townhouse
–14.3
–13.6
–16.9
–9.5
+2.6
56%
Living alone w/o children
–4.0
–1.3
+6.1
+8.7
+4.0
+3.8
17%
Living alone with children
–1.9
–1.4
–5.2
–6.0 8%
Cohabitants w/o children
+29.8
+21.2
+12.8
+5.6
+20.2
+6.5
+15.2
+31.5
21%
Cohabitants with children
–11.9
–10.5
–13.5
–1.6
–4.5
–16.3
41%
Other households with or w/o children
–10.7
–3.7
–9.3
–11.3
–9.2
–10.6
–12.8
13%
Gothenburg Municipality
+6.6
+9.0
+12.7
+11.5
–2.4
Other municipalities
–2.1
–6.6
–9.0
–12.7
–11.5
+2.4
59%
Number diff. ±2.0% points 3 5 2 4 7 6
Number diff. ±2.1–4.9% points 8
Number diff. ±5.0% points 11 10 13 9

10. Net number of responses Number that did not travel
Proportion no travel
Collection method
Recruitment method
Net number of responses
Number that did not travel
% that did not travel
Online questionnaire
Random sample without incentive [sic]
192 32
16.6%
222 39
17.9%
Web panel
221 51
23.3%
Crowdsourcing
407 44
11.1%
Mobile app
Random sample
691 68
9.8%
2517
377
15.0%
4526
372
8.2%

11. Trips per day

12. Trips per day and travel mode

13. Travel mode distribution

14. Mean distance per day

15. Mean distance per day and travel mode

16. Distance travel mode distribution

17. Mean trip distance and travel mode
Mode of travel
Online question. random without incentive
Online question. random with incentive
Online question. web panel
Online question. crowd- sourcing
Mobile app random
Mobile app web panel
Mobile app crowd- sourcing
TS GBG
Walking
2.7
1.9
3.1
1.6
0.6
0.7
0.5
1.4
Bicycle
3.9
7.2
5.5
2.9
4.3
4.4
3.8
Car 24 20 28 22 17 16
Public transport 15 9 35 13 11 12 14
Train 67 92 72 64
116 58
Other
1,015* 7*
212 43
All 27 19 10

18. Mean trip distance and purpose
Online question. random without incentive
Online question. random with incentive
Online question. panel
Online question. crowd- sourcing
Mobile app random
Mobile app web panel
Mobile app crowd- sourcing
Work 20 12 21 10 11 14
Leisure 18 28 16 15
Service- related 7
Shopping 9 8
Pick up/
drop off 22
Other purpose 32 24 34 23
All 27 17 19

19. Trips per day with uncertainity estimates (bootstrap)
2.5 percentile
97.5 percentile
Mean value
Online questionnaire random without incentive
2.13
2.89
2.5
Online questionnaire random with incentive
2.18
2.71
2.4
Online questionnaire web panel
1.66
2.15
1.9
Online questionnaire crowdsourcing
2.53
3.02
2.8
Mobile app random
4.70
5.49
5.07
Mobile app web panel
5.06
5.57
5.31
Mobile app crowdsourcing
5.89
6.54
6.20

20. Costs (SEK) Per respondent Per trip day** Recruitment method
Per respondent
Per trip day**
Recruitment method
Online question.
The mobile app
Mobile app
Random sample without incentive
350
433– 1,420*
47–153*
Random sample with incentive
400
Web panel
330
690 61
Crowdsourcing
230
390 25
*The cost calculation for the random sample with the mobile app is based on a response rate of 3–8%. The response rate in this pilot survey was 3%, but all of the cover letters were, unfortunately, sent out too late, which led to numerous complaints and is probably the reason for the low response rate. The response rate achieved in a concurrent study in Umeå was 8%, and there the cover letters were sent out in a timely fashion (however, the study targeted only the population between the ages of 30 and 49 years).
**The mobile app collected multiple trip days, while the online questionnaire collected one trip day per individual.

21. Conclusion Lower response rates
Incitament 100 SEK has no effect on response rate
Non-response mobil app
No time
Non access to smart phone, 1 out of 10 according to non-response survey
New techniques still not matured enough