1. Chemical COMPOUNDS
SC.8.P.8.5
SC.912.P.8.7

2. CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS There are a finite number of elements (118)
Their atoms combine in a multitude of ways to produce compounds
These compounds make up EVERYTHING
ALL living and non-living things in our universe

3. Chemical Bonds
Compounds are formed when atoms bond together (molecule = one unit of a compound)
Chemical bonds are created with valence electrons
electrons farthest from the nucleus (outer “shell”)
Octet Rule: Atoms try to get 8 valence electrons, either by gaining, losing, or sharing
There are two types of chemical bonds:
Ionic bonds
Covalent bonds

4. CHEMICAL FORMULAS
Chemical formulas represent the composition of one molecule of a chemical by showing the number of atoms of each element that combine to make it.
Element Symbols - Elements (note capital letters)
Subscripts – Number of Atoms of that element
Note: If there is no subscript, it means there is only one atom of that element in the molecule

5. H2O CHEMICAL FORMULAS Ex: DIHYDROGEN MONOXIDE – “water”
One molecule of water consists of:
hydrogen – 2 atoms
oxygen – 1 atom

6. C6H12O6 CHEMICAL FORMULAS Ex: GLUCOSE – “sugar”
One molecule of glucose consists of:
carbon – 6 atoms
hydrogen – 12 atoms
oxygen – 6 atoms

7. CF2Cl2 CHEMICAL FORMULAS Ex: DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE – “freon”
One molecule of glucose consists of:
carbon – 1 atom
fluorine – 2 atoms
chlorine – 2 atoms

8. KHC4H4O6 CHEMICAL FORMULAS
Ex: POTASSIUM HYDROGEN TARTRATE – “cream of tartar”
KHC4H4O6
One molecule of cream-of-tartar consists of:
potassium – 1 atom
hydrogen – 5 atoms *(1+4)
carbon – 4 atoms
oxygen – 6 atoms