1. Homework 2.1
Solid body rotation (XY):
low pressure
Divergent flow (XY):
high pressure
Shear flow (XY):
*no pressure perturbation

2. 2D Supercells?? Homework 2.2 2D Vorticity Eq. No tilting, stretching!!
2D Diagnostic Pressure:
No rotationally-induced mid-level mesolow

3. A Simple “Model” of a Mesocyclone:
Homework 2.3
A Simple “Model” of a Mesocyclone:
Cyclostrophic balance:
Angular momentum:
Rankine Combined Vortex:
Solid-body rotation in core:
Potential vortex outside:
For full vortex:
*For core region:

4. For Vortex at 3 km AGL:* Vmax=10 ms-1 .5 hPa 2 K 2 hPa Vmax=20 ms-1
Homework 2.3
For Vortex at 3 km AGL:*
Vmax=10 ms-1
.5 hPa
.5 K
2 K
2 hPa
Vmax=20 ms-1
8 hPa
8 K
Vmax=40 ms-1
*simply assuming pressure change from inner-core region

5. Homework 2.4
At R:
V=5 ms-1
V=50 ms-1
V=5 ms-1

6. Homework 2.4
Beyond R:
V=50 ms-1
V=25 ms-1
V=12.5 ms-1

9. Vertical Vorticity:
Horizontal Vorticity:
Circulation:
Eq. Potential Vorticity:

10. W, Qr
Z = 4 km
Z = .25 km

13. Vortex Tube
Circulation:

18. Think on the box!!

19. Horizontal vorticity that gets tilted vertically into the low-level mesocyclone is storm generated…NOT necessarily environmental!!

20. Klemp and Rotunno, JAS, 1983
1 way nest, adjustment from 1km to 250m, 6 min simulation….

26. Adlerman and Droegemeier, MWR, 2005