1. On/Off Control (bang-bang) Proportional Control
Control of Motion
On/Off Control (bang-bang)
Proportional Control
open loop
closed loop

2. Digital Logic Expressions
oPICK = (iPARTRDY • iCYLRETRACT +
oPICK • /iCYLEXTEND) • /iESTOP
Pickup when part is ready, and cylinder is retracted, and emergency stop is not on, or while cylinder is not fully extended and emergency stop is not on.

3. Pneumatic Logic Elements
Directional control valve
Shuttle valve - OR function
Twin pressure valve - AND function
Other functions
Check valve
Speed control valve
Time delay valve

4. Electric Logic Elements
wired in series = AND
wired in parallel = OR
Relay = NOT

5. Boolean Arithmetic

6. Relays

7. Ladder Diagrams
Coil
N.O. Contact
N.C. Contact

8. Example – Light Switch

9. Example – Light Relay

10. Example – Light Relay, “And” Logic

11. Example – Light Relay – “OR” Logic

12. Timing Diagrams

13. State Machines

14. State Diagram

15. Logic Equation and Ladder Diagram

16. Example – Latching Relay Logic