1. HHV 5014 Nutraceutical formulation technology
Title: Granulation Process
Fatin Husna Fadhilah Fairoza

2. DEFINITION
Granulation is the process of collecting particles together by creating bonds between them. Bonds are formed by compression or by using a binding agent

3. REASON TO GRANULATE Improve flow Improve compression characteristics
Improve the appearance of the tablet
Improve content uniformity
Decrease dust generation and reduce employee exposure to drug product

4. EQUIPMENT AND PROCESS Fluidized bed granulation Wet granulation
CONVENTIONAL METHOD
Wet granulation
Dry granulation
ADVANCED METHOD
Fluidized bed granulation
Spray drying granulation
Freeze granulation

5. CONVENTONAL METHOD 1) wet granulation
Mixing of drug and excipient.
Mixing of binder solution with powder mix.
Coarse screening of wet mass using a suitable sieve.
Drying of moist granules.
Screening of dry granules through a suitable sieve.

6. Video

7. ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Improve flowability and compressibility of the material.
Fast method to prepare controlled release granules.
Improve homogeneity of dosage form.
DISADVANTAGES
An expensive process .
Process loss of material was high.
Unsuitable for moisture sensitive, thermo-labile.

8. Adjustment of particle size
2) Dry granulation
Active substance excipient, binding material.
Measurement
Mixing
Compaction
Chopping
Sieving
Adjustment of particle size

9. video

10. ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE Improved flow by increasing particle size.
Granulation without of any liquid.
Required less energy.
DISADVANTAGE
Increases the potentiality of cross contamination.
Does not permit uniform color distribution.
Tends to create more dust.

11. ADVANCED METHOD 1) Fluidized bed dryer
Hot air passed at high pressure through a perforated bottom of the container containing granule to be dry
The granule are lifted from the bottom and suspended in the stream of air
This is called fluidized state

12. Advantages
Reduce dust formation
Improve house keeping and workers safety.
Disadvantages
Cleaning was label intensive and time consuming.
Assuring reproducibility was troublesome.

13. 2) Spray drying granulation
Liquid feed is pumped through an atomizer device that produces fine droplets into the main drying chamber.

14. A rapid and continuous process
Suitable for heat sensitive product
Cost effective
Advantages
High installation cost
Solid materials cannot be dry
Equipment is bulky, cleaning is time consuming
Disadvantages

15. 3) Freeze granulation
Initial liquid solution or suspension is frozen and the water is remove by sublimation.

16. Video

17. Advantages Disadvantages
Equipment can be easily clean up
Need for sterile diluents upon reconstitution
Organic solvent can be recycle
Increase handling and processing time
High yield with low material waste
High cost equipment