1. Valence Electrons and bonding

2. Valence Electrons revisited
Valence electrons are the electrons in the outer most shell.
These electrons determine bonding and ions.

3. Octet Rule
Elements are “happiest” when they have a full valence shell.
Elements will bond with other elements to complete their valence shell.
A full valence shell is eight electrons.
Ex. Neon is in group 18 which means that it has 8 electrons in it’s valence shell.
All of group 18 has a full valence shell. Which is why they don’t react and are called inert.

4. 4 4 Practice Carbon How many valence electrons?
How many possible bonds? 4 4

5. Electronegativity
Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons.
How badly does an element want an electron?

6. Electronegativity trend

7. A way to visually represent the valence electrons.
Lewis Dot diagrams
A way to visually represent the valence electrons.
Helps visualize how many bonds an element can make.

8. How To Lewis Dot 3 6 X 7 1 4 2 8 5