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Hamlet, Prince of Denmark

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1 Hamlet, Prince of Denmark
William Shakespeare Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

2 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
Vocabulary Act – A main division in a drama Scene – A small unit in a play in which there is no shift in locale or time Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

3 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
Vocabulary Comedy – Any play that ends well. Shakespeare’s comedies end with as many weddings as possible Tragic Flaw – A fatal weakness in character that results in the downfall of the protagonist. Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

4 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
Vocabulary Tragedy – A play featuring characters of noble birth who fall from fortune. Shakespeare’s protagonists struggle with a tragic flaw, but endowed with free will, go down in defeat. Shakespearean tragedies end with as many deaths as possible Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

5 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
Vocabulary Tragicomedy – A play that contains elements of both tragedy and comedy. Despite the possibilities for catastrophe, the play has a happy ending. Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

6 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
Vocabulary Soliloquy -- Monologue. A dramatic device that allows a character to reveal to the audience what he is thinking and feeling. Usually the character is alone on the stage, so the other characters remain unaware that he or she is speaking. Aside – Like a mini-soliloquy. A brief remark made by a character, intended to be heard by the audience but not by the other characters. Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

7 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
Vocabulary Comic Relief – A humorous scene or a bit of clowning inserted in an otherwise serious play. Relaxes the tension so tragic empathy can be renewed. Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

8 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
Character Groupings: Royal Family Loyal Friend Support Family Minor Characters Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

9 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
Royal Family Hamlet, Prince of Denmark Claudius, King of Denmark, former King Hamlet’s brother, Prince Hamlet’s uncle Gertrude, Queen of Denmark, Prince Hamlet’s mother The Ghost, Prince Hamlet’s father, former King of Denmark Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

10 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
Loyal Friend Horatio, a fellow student of Prince Hamlet at the University of Wittenberg. He comes to Denmark to attend the funeral of King Hamlet and remains to support his friend, Prince Hamlet, through the troubled days to come. Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

11 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
Support Family Polonius, advisor to Claudius, father of Laertes and Ophelia Laertes, son of Polonius, friend of Hamlet, student at University of Paris Ophelia, loyal daughter of Polonius, Hamlet’s love interest Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

12 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
Minor Characters Fortinbras, Prince of Norway Voltimand & Cornelius Rosencrantz & Guildenstern Marcellus & Bernardo, officers Francisco, a solider Reyanldo, servant to Polonius Oscric, a fop The Players Two Gravediggers (Clowns) Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

13 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
To be Discussed after Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

14 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
Genre: Drama Tragedy Ghost Story Murder Mystery -- Regicide -- Fratricide Revenge Plot Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

15 Elements of Tragedy: Revenge Cycle
Fortinbras, Sr. Hamlet Sr. Polonius Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

16 Elements of Tragedy: Revenge Cycle
Fortinbras, Sr. murdered by Hamlet Sr. avenged by Fortinbras Jr. Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

17 Elements of Tragedy: Revenge Cycle
Hamlet, Sr. murdered by Claudius avenged by Hamlet, Jr. Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

18 Elements of Tragedy: Revenge Cycle
Polonius murdered by Hamlet Jr. avenged by Laertes Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

19 Elements of Tragedy: Revenge Cycle
MURDERED FATHERS Fortinbras Sr. Hamlet Sr. Polonius AVENGING SONS Fortinbras Jr. Hamlet Jr. Laerters Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

20 Elements of Tragedy: Chain of Revenge
Claudius kills his brother, King Hamlet Hamlet, thinking Claudius is behind the arras, kills Polonius Her father’s death and Hamlet’s rejection of her drive Ophelia to madness and suicide Claudius plans to have the King of England kill Hamlet, since the latter knows too much Hamlet switches Claudius’ orders, and sends Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to death in England. Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

21 Elements of Tragedy: The Character of Hamlet
The plot of Hamlet includes tragedy in politics, murder, and domestic strife. Hamlet is a nobleman, revered by his countrymen, who tries to alter the world around him. Ultimately, Hamlet must forfeit his own life to see justice done. Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

22 Elements of Tragedy: Hamlet’s Tragic Flaw
Indecision? Greed? Control? Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

23 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
Major Themes: Revenge Appearance vs. Reality Sanity vs. Insanity Decay and Corruption Nature of Man Search for Self-Identity REVENGE: Hamlet searches continuously for the answer to the question of whether or not he should avenge his father’s death. His concern with right and wrong in religious, moral, and political terms causes him much inner turmoil. APPEARANCE vs. REALITY: The play contains many situations in which the surface appearance of things does not always match reality. Hamlet struggles to determine who his true friends are; the players in the acting troupe assume new identities; Claudius appears to be a true and just king and Gertrude his virtuous queen. SANITY vs. INSANITY: (Intertwined with appearance vs. reality.) Hamlet’s sanity or insanity is the question. Even the characters in the play discuss the inconsistencies in Hamlet’s behavior, sometimes assuming he is really insane, at other times amazed by his clarity of thought. DECAY vs. CORRUPTION: Among the most powerful images of the play are those which reveal disintegrating situations, both in personal terms for Prince Hamlet and in political terms for Denmark. Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

24 What a piece of work is a man
In reason In faculty In form and moving In action In apprehension Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

25 What a piece of work is a man
In reason noble  In faculty In form and moving In action In apprehension Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

26 What a piece of work is a man
In reason noble  In faculty infinite  In form and moving In action In apprehension Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

27 What a piece of work is a man
In reason noble  In faculty infinite  In form and moving express, admirable  In action In apprehension Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

28 What a piece of work is a man
In reason noble  In faculty infinite  In form and moving express, admirable  In action like angel  In apprehension Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

29 What a piece of work is a man
In reason noble  In faculty infinite  In form and moving express, admirable  In action like angel  In apprehension like a god  Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

30 What a piece of work is a man
In reason noble  In faculty infinite  In form and moving express, admirable  In action like angel  In apprehension like a god  Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

31 What a piece of work is a man
In reason noble  In faculty infinite  In form and moving express, admirable  In action like angel  In apprehension like a god  What is this quintessence of dust? Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

32 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
Man delights not me Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

33 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
Man delights not me Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

34 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
No, nor woman neither Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

35 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
No, nor woman neither Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

36 Is something rotten in the state of Denmark?
Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

37 Is something rotten in the state of Denmark?
SWOT analysis Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

38 Is something rotten in the state of Denmark?
SWOT analysis Strengths Quick smooth royal succession Bright young prince Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

39 Is something rotten in the state of Denmark?
SWOT analysis Weaknesses Bright young prince is mentally unstable Foolish royal advisers Ambitious Fortinbras on border with army Clumsiness with poisoned objects Polonius has neglected swimming lessons Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

40 Is something rotten in the state of Denmark?
SWOT analysis Opportunities Plenty of opportunities to kill king Claudius Lots of business for undertakers Ditto for poison makers Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

41 Is something rotten in the state of Denmark?
SWOT analysis Threats Fortinbras Tendency of Danish aristocracy to suicide Sins will bring nemesis and slaughter upon royal household Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

42 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
clever Ophelia Horatio Gertrude mad sane Rosencranz, Guilderstern Polonius stupid Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

43 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
clever Hamlet? Ophelia Horatio Gertrude mad sane Rosencranz, Guilderstern Polonius stupid Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

44 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
clever Ophelia Horatio Hamlet? Gertrude mad sane Rosencranz, Guilderstern Polonius stupid Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

45 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
clever Ophelia Horatio Hamlet? Gertrude mad sane Rosencranz, Guilderstern Polonius stupid Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

46 Study Guide for EN231--English Literature
clever Ophelia Horatio Hamlet? Gertrude mad sane Rosencranz, Guilderstern Polonius stupid Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

47 Hamlet Plot/subplot structure
Main Plot – court Hamlet’s grief Revenge of Old Hamlet’s death Dealing with Fortinbras Plots and machinations Subplots – Polonius family Ophelia and Hamlet’s love Laertes in France Revenge of Polonius’ death Ophelia’s madness Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

48 Hamlet Plot/subplot structure
Main Plot – revenge Revenge of Old Hamlet’s death Revenge for Polonius’ death Fortinbras’ revenge Subplots Hamlet’s grief, thoughts of death Hamlet’s antic disposition Hamlet’s relationship with Ophelia Ophelia’s madness Study Guide for EN231--English Literature

49 Hamlet Foiling Character foiling Parallel scenes
Fortinbras, Hamlet, Laertes: lost father, revenge Hamlet, Ophelia: madness Old Hamlet, Polonius, Claudius: give advice to child(ren) Parallel scenes Act 1, scenes 2, 3, 5: Parents give advice to children Act 2 and Act 4: Hamlet and Ophelia’s madness

50 Hamlet themes revenge madness grief ideal king, politics
eavesdropping, spying power of art, plays

51 Hamlet issues to resolve
Ghost Is it real or not? If it is real, is it a good ghost or an evil ghost? Is Hamlet really mad or feigning madness? Does Hamlet procrastinate? If so, why? Is Hamlet a scourge and/or minister? How much should characters obey parents? Whose view of revenge is right: Hamlet’s or Laertes’?

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