1. Human Development Index

2. What is HDI?
Used by U.N. to rank countries 1-0 and usually implies if the country is MED, LED, or developing.
The HDI measures the average achievements in a country in three basic dimensions of human development:
A long and healthy life, as measured by life expectancy at birth.
Knowledge, as measured by the adult literacy rate (with two-thirds weight) and the combined primary, secondary and tertiary gross enrollment ratio (with one-third weight).
A decent standard of living, as measured by Gross Domestic Product per capita (Purchasing Parity Power in $US).

3. What do the numbers mean?
Any nation with HDI of below .5 (approx) is considered “low human development”
The 2011 UNDP (U.N. Development Program) lists 45 nations as low human development
Many low development nations are in Africa

4. Low Development Nations UNDP
142
 Solomon Islands
0.510
143
 Kenya
0.509
144
 São Tomé and Príncipe
145
 Pakistan
0.504
146
 Bangladesh
0.500
147
 Timor-Leste
0.495
148
 Angola
0.486
149
 Myanmar
0.483
150
 Cameroon
0.482
151
 Madagascar
0.480
152
 Tanzania
0.466
153
 Papua New Guinea
154
 Yemen
0.462
155
 Senegal
0.459
156
 Nigeria
157
 Nepal
0.458
158
 Haiti
0.454
159
 Mauritania
0.453
160
 Lesotho
0.450
161
 Uganda
0.446
162
 Togo
0.435
163
 Comoros
0.433
164
 Zambia
0.430
165
 Djibouti
166
 Rwanda
0.429
167
 Benin
0.427
168
 Gambia
0.420
169
 Sudan
0.408
170
 Côte d'Ivoire
0.400
171
 Malawi
172
 Afghanistan
0.398
173
 Zimbabwe
0.376
174
 Ethiopia
0.363
175
 Mali
0.359
176
 Guinea-Bissau
0.353
177
 Eritrea
0.349
178
 Guinea
0.344
179
 Central African Republic
0.343
180
 Sierra Leone
0.336
181
 Burkina Faso
0.331
182
 Liberia
0.329
183
 Chad
0.328
184
 Mozambique
0.322
185
 Burundi
0.316
186
 Niger
0.295
187
 Democratic Republic of Congo

5. The HDI for Sierra Leone is 0
The HDI for Sierra Leone is 0.329, which gives the country a rank of 179th out of 179 countries with data

6. Importance of trends in HDI
Global Trends in HDI
Office of Economic
Co-operation and Dev.
Commonwealth of Independent States-
Former Soviet States-except Latvia,
Lithuania, and Estonia. Georgia w/d
after becoming a member to pursue membership in the EU
Importance of trends in HDI
Since the mid-1970s almost all regions have been progressively increasing their HDI score
East Asia and South Asia have accelerated progress since 1990.
Central and Eastern Europe and the CIS, following a catastrophic decline in the first half of the 1990s, has also recovered to the level before the reversal.
major exception is sub-Saharan Africa; since 1990 it has stagnated, partly because of economic reversal but principally because of the catastrophic effect of HIV/AIDS on life expectancy.

7. Australia HDI=.962; rank #3 Ranks 5th w/ life exp of 80.9 years
Ranks 16th w/ GDP (PPP) of $31,794
Ranks 1st in enrollment w. 113%
Calculation of gross enrollment:
Locale A has 950,000 pupils enrolled in education in the academic year 2005/06.
Locale A has 1,000,000 pupils of school age.
GER = number of actual students enrolled / number of potential students enrolled
= (950,000 / 1,000,000) = 0.95
.95 x 100%= 95%
Australia must have pupils enrolled that are not considered “school age”

8. Is HDI a better way to determine “development” than GDP alone?
Australia ranks 3rd in HDI, but 16th in GDP
Luxembourg ranks 18th in HDI, but 1st in GDP
The U.S. ranks 15th in HDI, but 8th in GDP
Sierra Leone ranks 177th in HDI, but 169th in GDP
*What does the disparity tend to indicate???

9. Australia

10. Sierra Leone HDI=.336; rank=177th
Life exp. 41.8
Adult literacy 34.8%
Education enrollment 44.6
GDP (PPP) $806

11. Does Sierra Leone’s location in Sub-Saharan Africa have an impact on its HDI?

12. Criticisms of HDI as a measure of development
Lack of environmental measures
Lack of sub-national measures (differences w/I countries)
Inaccurate reporting of data; failure to update data
Classifications of low, medium, high too arbitrary
physical and mental health, education, recreation and leisure time, and social belonging not measured

13. Happiness??? Can it be measured?
Suicide rate
Gender equality
Human rights
War
Government instability
Class warfare
Infant mortality
Class mobility