1. Adaptive Optics Frame Rate
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CTC/Sub-CTC Internal/External Funds Ex: /MDA TRL 1
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First year: We are concentrating on the daytime surface layer
Field Campaign—Chestnut Site, Kirtland AFB
Surface Layer
-- Bottom of the boundary layer; fluxes vary by less than 10%
-- Models based on assumption of constant flux
Boundary Layer
-- Part of troposphere directly influenced by surface
-- Responds to surface forcings on time scales of an hour or less
100 to 3000 m
10 to 300 m
Mixing Layer -- Boundary layer above Surface Layer: Includes coriolis effects
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Baseline Model
Sorts Beacon, Sonic, Weather Station
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SORTS optical path
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Telescope Diameter
Camera
Camera speed
Camera noise
Adaptive Optics Frame Rate
Reconstructor Speed/algorithm
Number of
Actuators/Sub-apertures
BIL Return
More effective optical design
More effective system deployment
Part 1—Partitioning Heat Energy
Top of boundary layer
Top of surface layer
Ground
Top of atmosphere
Reflection
Vegetation leads to surface roughness
Water evaporation
Conduction
Plant growth
IR re-radiation
Air turbulence
Turbulent kinematic heat flux
Wind
Predictions from Model vs Data From SOR Turbulence Sensor
Need recognized by Air Force and DoD
Part 2—Monin-Obukov Scaling Parameters
Part 3—Optical Turbulence Parameters
Anchoring model with field data
Biggest Challenge: Calibration of QWERTY sensor
Related Research Complements Our’s
L = 149 km (93 miles)
COMBAT Experiment
Deep Turbulence MURI
Low Atmosphere MRI
JBCI for Horizontal Path Engagements
Maui
Hawaii
CEBL After First Year
Understand night time surface layer, boundary layer, terrain induced turbulence
Develop models, design and carry out experiments to anchor models
Areas that require further investigation:
No memory in energy partition equation
Empirical parameters in energy partition equation
Optical turbulence equations derived assuming Kolmogorov turbulence
SODAR Output
LIDAR Output
4th term of daytime surface layer model is surprisingly important, highly non-linear, and has been neglected by previous researchers
SODAR
Balloon borne instrumentation
AF and DoD needs define CEBL goals
CEBL: Validating a way to predict turbulence caused by Earth’s boundary layer
Unclassified: DIST C