2. Aim: What is an ecosystem?

3. What is Ecology? Ecology is the scientific study of the
relationship between living organisms and
their interactions with the environment.

4. What is an ecosystem?
*A specific area in which organism live is called a habitat, such as a forest or desert.
*An ecosystem includes all the living things and the nonliving things in a given area.

5. What are the living things in an ecosystem?
Every living thing in an ecosystem is called a biotic factor.
Biotic factors are anything that performs the 8 life functions.
Biotic factors also include what function or job (niche) that an organism does in that ecosystem or the relationship it has with other organisms
Examples: plants, animals, bacteria, predator/prey, mates, autotrophs.

6. What are the nonliving things in an ecosystem?
All nonliving things in an ecosystem are called abiotic factors.
Examples: air, water, temperature, soil, pH, and shelter.
Temperature
Air
Water
Sun

7. Why is abiotic factors important?
Without abiotic factors- living things could not live.
The Sun (abiotic) is needed for photosynthesis
Air (abiotic) is needed to breathe
Water (abiotic) is needed to drink
Temperature and pH (both abiotic) are needed for enzymes to work properly

8. What is a limiting factor?
A limiting factor is anything that will affect the size of a population.
Limiting factors can be biotic or abiotic.
The amount of prey will affect the size of a population of predators. (biotic)
The availability of females will affect the amount of mating. (biotic)
The amount of water in a pond will affect the population of animals that drink from it. (abiotic)
The lack of shelter will affect the amount of organisms living in the area. (abiotic)

9. Levels of Organization in Ecology
1. An Individual- (smallest) is a single organism that performs all the life processes.
Example:
A Giraffe

10. Levels of Organization in Ecology
2. Population- a group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area.
Example:
All the Bongos at the Savannah watering hole.

11. 3. Community- (next largest) a group of populations that live in a defined area.
Example:
The populations of Zebras + the Bongos + the Giraffe and the Beisa Oryx at the Savannah watering hole.

12. 4. Ecosystem- (larger) All the living things that live in a place together with their nonliving environment.
Ex: All the living things (animals and plants) at the savannah watering hole and the Non living things (the soil, air, water, temperature)

13. 5. Biosphere- (largest) All the ecosystems on the Earth.
Example.
All the living AND non-living things (air, water, and land) where life exists on the planet.

14. Biosphere
Ecosystem
Community
population
individual

15. What is the biodiversity in Prospect Park?
What is biodiversity?
Biodiversity refers to the many different types of organisms in an area.
What is the biodiversity in Prospect Park?

19. levels of organization for the gopher _______
???
community
???
???
ecosystem
organism
population
???
species
???

20. A B C D E