1. Cell Theory and Types of Cells

2. Cells
Smallest living unit
Most are microscopic

3. Discovery of Cells Robert Hooke (mid-1600s) Observed sliver of cork
Saw “row of empty boxes”
Coined the term cell

4. Cell theory (1839)Theodor Schwann & Matthias Schleiden
“ all living things are made of cells”
(50 yrs. later) Rudolf Virchow
“all cells come from cells”

5. Principles of Cell Theory
All living things are made of cells
Smallest living unit of structure and function of all organisms is the cell
All cells arise from preexisting cells
(this principle discarded the idea of
spontaneous generation)

6. Cell Size

7. Cells Have Large Surface Area-to-Volume Ratio

8. Characteristics of All Cells
A surrounding membrane
Protoplasm – cell contents in thick fluid
Organelles – structures for cell function
Control center with DNA

9. Cell Types
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic

10. Prokaryotic
before
nucleus
Eukaryotic
true
nucleus

11. Eukaryotes Has a nucleus with a nuclear envelope
Bigger and more complex than prokaryotes
Have membrane bound Organelles (golgi, ER, lysosomes…etc)
DNA – double-stranded and forms chromosomes (highly organized)
Can be uni- OR multicellular organisms
Ex: animals, plants, fungi

12. Prokaryotes NO nucleus NO membrane bound organelles (just ribosomes)
ALL are unicellular
Smaller than eukaryotic cells
Forerunner to eukaryotic cells (smaller and more simple)
DNA – single strand and circular
Ex: ALL Bacteria 12

13. Similarities Contain all four biomolecules Have ribosomes Have DNA
(lipids, carbs, proteins, and nucleic acids)
Have ribosomes
Have DNA
Similar Metabolism
Can be unicellular
Have cell/plasma membranes or cell wall

14. Eukaryote VS. Prokaryote Picture

15. Create a Venn Diagram of Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes