1. CELL GROWTH & REPRODUCTION
Chapter 8, Section 2

2. Cell Size Small cells are more efficient
Small cells have a greater Surface Area-to-Volume Ratio so that exchange of materials across the plasma membrane is more efficient

3. Cell Reproduction
Chromosomes = condensed DNA, form when cell is ready to divide
Made up of 2 halves held together in the center by the centromere

4. Cell Cycle (Interphase & Mitosis)
Cell Cycle = sequence of growth & division of a cell
1. Interphase
2. Cell Division
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
Interphase = growth period, majority of a cell’s life
Cells grow (G1)
Chromosomes duplicate (S)
Prep for division (G2)

5. Mitosis
Mitosis = period of division, 2 daughter cells get formed, each w/ a complete set of chromosomes
Divided into 4 Phases

6. Prophase Chromatin coils into chromosomes
Sister Chromatids = two halves of the chromosome, chromatids are genetically identical
Nuclear Envelope & Nucleolus break down
Centrioles start sending out Spindle Fibers

7. 2. Metaphase Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell
Spindle Fibers attach the chromatids

8. 3. Anaphase
Separation of Sister Chromatids

9. 4. Telophase Chromatids pulled to opposite ends of the cell
Nuclear Envelope & Nucleolus re-form

10. Cytokinesis Cytokinesis = division of the cytoplas
Cleavage Furrow in animals
Cell Plate in plants