1. Period 6: Accelerating Global Change and Realignments
1900 – the Present
Midterm Content ONLY and was OR will be taught (CCOT & Compare/Contrast Essays) in Chapter 23, 26, 30, 31 & 32.

2. Key Concepts Grid
Period 1: Technological and Environmental Transformation (to C. 600 B.C.E.)
Period 2: Organization and Reorganization of Human Societies (c. 600 B.C.E. to C C.E.)
Period 3: Regional and Interregional Interactions (c C.E. to c )
Period 4: Global Interactions (c to c. 1750)
Period 5: Industrialization and Global Integration (c to c. 1900)
Period 6: Accelerating Global Change and Realignments (c to the Present)
1.1 Big Geography and the Peopling of the Earth
2.1 The development and codification of religious and cultural traditions
3.1 Expansion and intensification of communication and exchange networks.
4.1 Globalizing networks of communication and exchange.
5.1 Industrialization and global capitalism.
6.1 Science and the environment.
1.2 The Neolithic Revolution and early agricultural societies
2.2 The development of states and empires
3.2 Continuity and innovation of state forms and their interactions.
4.2 New forms of social organization and modes of production.
5.2 Imperialism and nation-state formation.
6.2 Global conflicts and their consequences.
1.3 The development and interactions of early agricultural, pastoral, and urban societies
2.3 The emergence of trans-regional networks of communication and exchange.
3.3 Increased economic productive capacity and its consequences.
4.3 State consolidation and imperial expansion.
5.3 Nationalism, revolution, and reform.
6.3 New conceptualizations of global economy, society, and culture.
5.4 Global migration.

3. Key Concept 6.2
6.2 Global conflicts and their consequences.

4. Europe dominated the global political order at the start of the 20th century
But both land-based and transoceanic empires gave way to new states by the end of the century

5. The older, land-based empires like the Ottoman, Russian and Qing empires collapsed due to combo of internal and external factors
Between two world wars, European imperial states often maintained control over their colonies and in some cases gained new lands

6. India from the British Empire
After the end of World War II…
Some colonies negotiated their independence
Other colonies achieved independence through armed struggle
Examples of negotiated independence
India from the British Empire
Gold Coast (Africa) from the British Empire
French West Africa

7. Examples of independence through armed struggle
Algeria and Vietnam from French Empire
Angola from the Portuguese Empire
Mau Mau Rebellion (Kenya) against British Empire

8. Emerging ideologies of anti-imperialism contributed to the dissolution of empires and restructuring of states
Nationalist leaders and parties in Asia and Africa sought varying degrees of autonomy within or independence from imperial rule

9. Indian National Congress All India Muslim League
Examples of nationalist leaders and parties
Indian National Congress
All India Muslim League
Ho Chi Minh in French Indochina (Vietnam)
Kwame Nkrumah in British Gold Coast (Ghana)

10. All India Muslim League in British India
Regional, religious and ethnic movements challenged both colonial rule and inherited imperial boundaries
Examples of regional, religious and ethnic movements
All India Muslim League in British India
Quebecois separatist movement in Canada
Biafra secessionist movement in Nigeria

11. Transnational movements sought to unite people across national boundaries
Examples of transnational movements
Communism
Pan-Arabism
Pan-Africanism

12. The Mexican Revolution arose in opposition to neocolonialism and economic imperialism
Movements to redistribute land and resources developed within states in Africa, Asia and Latin America
Sometimes advocating communism or socialism

13. In many parts of the world, religious movements sought to redefine the relationship between the individual and the state
Political changes were accompanied by major demographic and social consequences

14. Like the partitioning (dividing) of India and Pakistan
The redrawing of old colonial boundaries led to conflict as well as population displacement and/or resettlements
Like the partitioning (dividing) of India and Pakistan
And population displacements following the creation of Israel

15. This maintained cultural and economic ties between the colony and the metropole even after the empire dissolved
Metropole = former colonizing country’s major cities

16. After imperial empire dissolved there was a migration of former colonial subjects to the home imperial country
Examples of migrations
South Asians to Britain
Algerians to France
Filipinos to the U.S.

17. Rise of extremist groups in power led to the annihilation of specific populations and to other acts of genocide or ethnic violence
Examples of genocide or ethnic violence
Armenians in Turkey during World War I
Holocaust during World War II
Cambodia during late 1970s
Tutsi in Rwanda in 1990s

18. Imperialism to Decolonization after World Wars

19. Alliances with Colonial empires
Military conflicts occurred on an unprecedented scale
WWI and WWII were the first total wars
Gov’t’s used a variety of strategies to mobilize people for war including
Political propaganda
Art
Media
Intensified forms of nationalism
Alliances with Colonial empires

20. Gov’t’s used ideologies to mobilize all of their states resources for war
Fascism
Versus
Communism
In totalitarian states they directed as many aspects of daily life to fit into the actions of war

21. Imperialist expansion by Europe and Japan Competition for resources
Reasons for global conflict in the first half of 20th century
Imperialist expansion by Europe and Japan
Competition for resources
Economic crisis caused by Great Depression
Rise of fascist and totalitarian regimes to power

22. Global balance of economic and political power shifted after the end of WWII and evolved into the Cold War
The democracy of the U.S. and Communist Soviet Union emerged as superpowers
Led to ideological conflict and power struggle between communist socialism and democratic capitalism

23. Mohandas Gandhi Martin Luther King Jr. Nelson Mandela
Certain groups and individuals challenged the many wars of the century
Some practiced nonviolence as a way to bring about political change
Mohandas Gandhi
Martin Luther King Jr.
Nelson Mandela

24. Anti-Apartheid Movement in S. Africa
Groups and individuals opposed and promoted alternatives to the existing economic, political, and social orders
This included the Non-Aligned Movement
Examples of alternative groups/people
Anti-Apartheid Movement in S. Africa
Participants in global uprisings in 1968
Tiananmen Square protesters that promoted democracy in China

25. Examples of movements that used violence
Some movements used violence against civilians to achieve political goals
Examples of movements that used violence
Che Guevara's “The New Left” in South, Latin America and Cuba
IRA in Ireland
ETA in Spain
Al-Qaeda in Afghanistan

26. Key Concept 6.3
6.3 New conceptualizations of global economy, society, and culture.

27. States responded in variety of ways to the economic challenges of the 20th century to respond to European Decolonization and Democratization which directly competed against the U.S. Free Market/Capitalism and democracy during the Cold War.
In communist states, like Soviet Union and China, gov’t’s controlled their national economies
Often through repressive policies and with negative repercussions for their people

28. Examples of communist gov’t’s controlling their economies
The Five Year Plans (Soviet Union)
The Great Leap Forward (China)

29. Wilson’s Fourteen Points and U.S. Foreign Policy for over 100 years
Examples of the U.S. and democracy playing an increasing role in World Affairs
The Spanish American War and Ted Roosevelt’s Great White Fleet before WWI
Imperializing of Pacific and Western Hemisphere including Latin America, Cuba, the Philippines, and more.
U.S. interventionism at the end of WWI
Wilson’s Fourteen Points and U.S. Foreign Policy for over 100 years
U.S. passing Lend Lease Act to help allies in World War II
U.S. entry in WWII after Pearl Harbor
U.S. competition (Space Race, Nuclearization, intervention in Asia Korea and Vietnam, military build up and military industrial complex, etc. leading to Cold War with USSR and economic competition with China.

30. Nehru’s planned economy in India
In newly independent states after WWII, gov’t’s often took a strong role in guiding economic life to promote development
Examples of gov’t’s guiding economic life
Nasser’s promotion of economic development in Egypt
Nehru’s planned economy in India
Julius Nyere in Tanzania

31. After the Cold War many Western gov’t’s encouraged free market economic policies
Also promoted economic liberalization in the 20th century. Many new nations attempted liberalization to remain democratic but the most successful was probably India under Nehru.

32. People saw society and culture in new ways
Rights-based discourses challenged old assumptions about race, class, gender and religion
In much of the world, access to education and participation in new political and professional roles increased

33. Examples of challenges to assumptions about race, class, gender and religion
U.N. Universal Declaration of Human Rights (especially for children, women and refugees)
Global feminism movements
Negritude movement
Indian Independence Movement and outlaw of Caste System (Gandhi and Jenna)
Liberation theology in Latin America (Che Guevara)
Civil Rights (NAACP) and Women’s Rights (NOW) in America (Dr. King and Gloria Steinem)
Ending of Apartheid in South Africa (Mandela)
Islamic renewal movements in Egypt and Saudi Arabia

34. Examples of increased access to education and political, professional roles
Right to vote and to hold public office for women granted in
U.S. 1920
Brazil 1932
Turkey 1934
Japan 1945
India 1947
Morocco 1963

35. More examples…
Rising rate of female literacy and the increasing numbers of women in higher education in most parts of the world
Desegregation of American Public Schools
U.S. Civil Rights Act of 1965
End of apartheid in South Africa
Case and reservation in the Indian Constitution of 1950

36. Political and social changes of the 20th century led to changes in the arts and literature
In second half of century, popular and consumer culture became more global

37. Examples of global culture
Reggae (Caribbean and Latin musical influences for the oppressed had its foundations in African culture.)
Rap in 1980’s
Bollywood (Started in 1913 to emulate growing material movement and created escapist attitudes from India’s problems to emulate American pop culture. Growth of Indian Film Industry based on the growth of Hollywood but maintaining Hindu ancestral influence. Ancient Hindu epics like Mahabharata and Ramayana ancient Sanskrit drama and traditional folk theater of India and Parsi theater. Today, it copies western Holloywood and wester television.)
World Cup soccer
The Olympics

38. INDIA Mera Bharath Mahaan
Just for fun. Make sure you at least read the last slide and you will see why I spend so much time on India. It will make sense and give you a different perspective on the origin of humanity. After Christmas break, we may use the images to start the DBQ with documents. It will be a fun way to start.

39. The subcontinent of India lies in south Asia, between Pakistan, China and Nepal. To the north it is bordered by the world's highest mountain chain, where foothill valleys cover the northernmost of the country's 26 states. Further south, plateaus, tropical rain forests and sandy deserts are bordered by palm fringed beaches .

40. 5,000 year old civilization 325 languages spoken – 1,652 dialects
18 official languages
29 states, 5 union territories
3.28 million sq. kilometers - Area
7,516 kilometers - Coastline
1,000,000,000 people in 2000

41. Secular democratic constitution
Parliamentary form of Government
Secular democratic constitution
Worlds largest democracy since 55 years
4th largest economy
Fastest growing IT super power
Indian Railways ,the biggest employer in the world.

42. HISTORY

43. India's history goes back to 3,200 BC when Hinduism was first founded
India's history goes back to 3,200 BC when Hinduism was first founded. Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism. Judaism. Zoroashtrianism, Christianity and Islam all exist within the country today.

44. Generates-Brahma
Observes-Vishnu
Destroys-Shiva
THE TRINITY

45. Longest Epic in world literature with 100,000 two-line stanzas
The Great Indian Epics
Mahabharata
Ramayana
Longest Epic in world literature with 100,000 two-line stanzas
The first Indian epic

46. Indus Valley Civilization- one of the world’s first great urban civilizations.
Harappa Civilization- 2700BC

47. World’s first university in Takshila –700 B.C
Ayurveda- earliest school of medicine known to humans
Sanskrit Language –most suitable for computer software

48. Yoga- Made in India
Origin –5000 BC
Documented by
200 BC – 300 AD

49. Origin of Martial arts – 200 BC
Kalarippayat

50. 1700’s BRITISH INVASION

51. 15th August , 1947 Indian Independence
26th January , 1950
Republic- India

52. “Truth alone triumphs”
National Emblem
“Truth alone triumphs”

53. NATIONAL ANIMAL

54. National Bird - Peacock

55. National Flower - Lotus

56. Great Indian Personalities

57. Aryabhatta
Invented the Zero

58. Embodiment of Non- Violence
Mahatma Gandhi
Father of the nation
Embodiment of Non- Violence

59. Champion of humanitarianism
Swami Vivekananda
Champion of humanitarianism

60. Great Indian Mathematician Postulated and proved 3,542 theorems
Ramanujam
Great Indian Mathematician
Postulated and proved 3,542 theorems

61. 1913 – Nobel Prize in Literature
Rabindranath Tagore
1913 – Nobel Prize in Literature

62. 1930 - Nobel Laureate in Physics
C.V Raman
Nobel Laureate in Physics
Work on scattering of light and Raman effect

63. Mother Teresa
1979 – Nobel Prize in Peace

64. 1968 - Nobel Laureate in Medicine
Har Gobind Khorana
Nobel Laureate in Medicine
Work on interpretation of the genetic code

65. Subramanyan Chandrasekhar
Nobel Laureate in Physics
Work on structure and evolution of stars

66. DANCE FORMS

67. 45 folk dances

68. 7 Classical Dance forms

69. Bharata Natyam

70. Kathak

71. Kathakali

72. Kuchipudi

73. Manipuri

74. Mohini Attam

75. Odissi

76. More than 60 music instruments
More than 15 vocal forms
More than 60 music instruments

77. India - God’s own country Celebrates more than 65 festivals

78. Places of historic importance

79. World’s richest temple
Tirumala - Tirupati
World’s richest temple

80. Saint Thomas Cathedral
Statue of Virgin Mary brought from Portugal in 1543

81. The Golden Temple

82. The biggest mosque in India
Jamma Masjid
The biggest mosque in India

83. Thousand pillar temple

84. Gateway of India

85. Modernistic structures to observe the movement of stars
Jantar Mantar – 1716
Modernistic structures to observe the movement of stars

86. Illuminated by 97,000 light bulbs
Mysore Palace
Illuminated by 97,000 light bulbs

87. Largest monolithic statue in Asia
Buddha Statue
Largest monolithic statue in Asia

88. Jewel in the crown of Kashmir
Dal Lake
Jewel in the crown of Kashmir

89. The Taj Mahal

90. Calcutta – City of joy

91. Cherrapunji
Wettest place on earth

92. India is,the cradle of the human race,the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history,the grandmother of legend, and the great grand mother of tradition.Our most valuable and most instructive materials in the history of man are treasured up in India only Mark Twain
We owe a lot to the Indians, who taught us how to count, without which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have been made.
-Albert Einstein

93. Jai Hind -