1. Labor Movement

2. Labor Unions American Federation of Labor Founded by Samuel Gompers
Used collective bargaining
Tool used by unions
Negotiate as a group for improvements
Fought for “closed shops”… union members only

3. Strikes Haymarket Strike/Riot Pullman Strike
Riot broke out between strikers and police
May 4, 1886 – Chicago
McCormick Reaper Works
Bomb was thrown at Police, shots were fired at the Police, 7 Policemen died, 1 civilian.
Radical activists were convicted
Viewed as a major setback for labor relations.
Believed Capitalists exploited workers.
Pullman Strike
Rail worker’s strike spread
Other unions joined
Mail workers joined and the mail stopped
The President had to intervene

4. Great organizer of labor
Eugene V. Debs
Socialist
Great organizer of labor
Unsuccessfully ran for President several times

5. Farmer’s Alliance 1867, Oliver Kelley
Patrons of Husbandry (the Grange) aka “The Grange”
Social outlet
Education for isolated farmers
Banded together to fight RR
Fight politically against RR
Lower interest rates on loans
Colored Farmer’s Alliance
25,000 members