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Phrases, Clauses, Simple Sentences and Compound Sentences
Phrases, Clauses, Simple Sentences and Compound Sentences
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Students will be able to:
Learning Goal Students will be able to: Distinguish between phrases and clauses Identify independent and subordinate clauses Properly punctuate phrases and clauses Use independent clauses and subordinate clauses to write the four sentence structures
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Phrases VS Clauses Let’s watch a little video to learn the difference between a phrase and a clause
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General Definitions Predicate- verb and any other words related to it
Phrase-is a group of words that contains a subject OR a verb OR neither (NOT BOTH) Clause-is a group of words that contains a subject and verb Independent clauses express complete thoughts (can be sentences) Dependent/Subordinate clauses cannot be sentences on their own
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Independent Clause Can stand alone or with a dependent clause. Expresses a complete thought. Subject + Verb (no conjunction) Examples I ran. Fractions are fun. Pizza tastes good. Every Sentence MUST have An independent clause Video Lesson over Independent Clauses
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Dependent/Subordinate Clauses
Cannot stand by themselves. Do not express a complete thought. Subordinate Conjunction + Subject + Verb Examples Unless you want to go Because I care And you lose your cool
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Subordinating Conjunctions (signal dependent clauses)
After Unless Although Until As When Because Whenever Before Where If Wherever Since While Though Short List Of Subordinating Conjunctions Subordinating Conjunction Song
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Counting Clauses A new clause starts when a new subject is introduced. Watch for conjunctions, but finding subjects and verbs is more reliable. Example ` Since Doug studied, he did well on the test and was happy.
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LET’S PRACTICE Decide if you have a Phrase or Clause
Remember clauses have subjects AND verbs while phrases do not! If it is a clause decide if it is an Independent Clause or a Subordinate/Dependent Clause. Remember Independent clauses can stand alone as a sentence Subordinate clauses will sound like a fragment.
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Gina came into the store
Clause independent
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The running water phrase
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before a hurricane occurs
Clause dependent
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I took a quick jog Clause independent
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since airports need room
clause dependent
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during the rainy season
phrase
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SIMPLE AND COMPOUND SENTENCES
Learning Goal: Students will be able to write, use and properly punctuate the four basic sentence structures
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Simple Sentence A simple sentence has one subject and one predicate and it a complete thought.
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Simple Sentence We went to San Juan yesterday.
Observe how a simple sentence is constructed: We went to San Juan yesterday.
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Simple Sentence We went to San Juan . Pronoun Verb
Prepositional phrase We went to San Juan . Simple subject Complete predicate
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Simple Sentence Tom and Mary play tennis. Compound Subject &
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Simple Sentence play tennis and swim. Tom and Mary
Compound Subject Compound Predicate & &
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Simple Sentence A simple sentence has one subject and one predicate and it a complete thought. Video Lesson over Simple Sentences
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Compound Sentence A compound sentence has more than one part that can stand alone (independent clauses). Independent clauses are connected by coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS), conjunctive adverbs (words like therefore, moreover) or a semi-colon.
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Coordinating Conjunctions (join words, phrases, clauses)
FANBOYS For And Nor But Or Yet So
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Compound Sentence We went to San Juan, and
most of us danced all night.
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Compound Sentence We went to San Juan,
Subject Verb Prepositional phrase We went to San Juan, Predicate Coordinating Conjunction and most of us danced all night . Subject Modifying phrase Verb
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Compound Sentence A compound sentence has more than one part that can stand alone (independent clauses). Independent clauses are connected by coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS), conjunctive adverbs (words like therefore, moreover) or a semi-colon. Video Lesson over Compound Sentences
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Videos over FANBOYS Punctuating FANBOYS
Using FANBOYS at the beginning of the sentence and punctuating FANBOYS
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