1. Ability to do work or cause change
Energy
Ability to do work or cause change
SI Unit : Joule

2. - occurs when a force causes an object to move
Work – measure of energy that is transferred from one system to another.
- occurs when a force causes an object to move

3. Pg. 115
Interactive

4. TME = total mechanical energy

5. Sum of the potential and kinetic energy ME = PE + KE
B. Mechanical Energy
Sum of the potential and kinetic energy
ME = PE + KE

6. Energy has 2 main types 1) Kinetic Energy 2) Potential Energy

7. Kinetic energy is the energy of motion.
KE = 1/2 mv2
E = energy (Joules) m = mass (kilograms) v = speed (meters/sec.)
Marion Jones Sprints t o Victory in the 200 meter.

8. Kinetic Energy equation
KE = ½ mass x velocity2
KE = ½ mv2
Units: kg(m/s)2 or Joule (J)

9. The kinetic energy of an object depends on its speed and mass.9

11. Kinetic and Potential Energy have many forms

12. Mechanical/Motion Energy -
Energy associated with motion

13. Examples of Mechanical/Motion Energy
Person running
Car moving
Football being thrown

14. 2. Thermal Energy (Heat) -
Total energy of the particles in an object

15. Examples: Fire, oven, hot glue gun

16. Energy of moving electrons
3. Electrical energy -
Energy of moving electrons

17. Example : electric outlet

19. 4. Radiant or Electromagnetic (Light) energy
Energy that travels in transverse waves

20. Examples: lightbulb, microwave

21. Travels in longitudinal waves, caused by vibrations
5. Sound energy-
Travels in longitudinal waves, caused by vibrations

22. Example : guitar, boombox

23. Energy that is stored and held in readiness
Potential Energy-
Energy that is stored and held in readiness

24. Potential Energy PE = mgh
Potential energy is energy that is stored in an object.
PE = mgh
h = height
g = 9.82 m/s2 *
m = mass

25. Examples of Potential Energy

26. Potential Energy: Stored energy
4 types
Gravational
Elastic
Chemical
Nuclear

27. A. Gravational P.E. Potential energy due to height
Ex. Book on table, airplane
Equation: GPE = mass x gravity(9.8) x height

28. Example of Gravitational PE

29. b. Elastic Potential Energy energy stored in a stretched or compressed object
Ex. Rubberband, spring

30. Elastic Potential Energy
Rank the amount of elastic potential energy of the trampoline from greatest to least. 30

31. Energy stored in chemical bonds
C. Chemical energy -
Energy stored in chemical bonds

34. Examples: wood, food, gasoline, batteries

35. energy by splitting an atom
D. Nuclear energy -
energy by splitting an atom

37. Example : nuclear power , sun, nuclear bomb

38. Can you find an example of each form of energy in the picture below?38

39. C. Energy Transformations – Conversions
A change from one form of energy to another

40. Energy Transformations and Conservation
Multiple Transformations
A series of energy transformations must occur for you to ride your bike. What are the forms of energy involved in each transformation? 40

41. D. Law of Conservation of Energy
Energy can’t be created or destroyed, it can only be converted.

42. Law of Conservation of Energy
Energy is neither created nor destroyed, but transformed from one form to another.
A waterfall has both kinetic and potential energy.
The water at the top of the waterfall has stored potential energy.
Once the water leaves the top of the fall, the PE is changed into KE.

43. PSSA Style Question: Using a microscope, a student observes a small, green organelle in a plant cell. Which energy transformation most likely occurs first within the observed organelle? A. ATP to light B. light to chemical C. heat to electrical D. chemical to chemical

45. Lamp : electrical energy converts to light energy
Conversion example 1
Lamp : electrical energy converts to light energy

46. Water heater : Chemical energy of gas to thermal (heat ) energy
Conversion example 2:
Water heater : Chemical energy of gas to thermal (heat ) energy

47. Human body : converts chemical energy in food to motion energy
Conversion example 3:
Human body : converts chemical energy in food to motion energy

52. Energy Transformations and Conservation
Pendulum
A continuous transformation between potential and kinetic energy occurs in a pendulum. What are the types of energy the pendulum has at positions A, B, and C? 52

53. Energy is Conserved

55. How does PP&L make electricty for Susquehanna Twp.?
Burn coal – make steam – turn turbine – turn generator – make electricity

57. Energy is conserved

58. Energy is Conserved

59. Conversion of Energy
When you pick the ball up you give it potential energy.  How high you lift the ball and how much the ball weighs determines how much potential energy it has.
When you release the ball, the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.  The ball continues to have kinetic energy for as long as it stays in motion. 

60. Energy Transformations and Conservation
Conserving Energy While You Ride
Transformations between potential and kinetic energy occur during a roller coaster ride. How much potential and kinetic energy does the coaster have at each point? 60