1. Classification

2. Classification System to organize all living creatures plants animals
microbes
etc.

3. Carolus Linnaeus The Linnean system Homo sapiens proposed in 1700s
each species has a 2 part name
genus
species
Homo sapiens

4. Latin binomial 2 part scientific name
Genus — larger group to which organism belongs
always capitalized
species — specific name for that organism
always lowercase
example: Linnaeus named humans Homo sapiens
means “wise man” — perhaps in a show of hope & optimism

5. Genus groupings Classify organisms into broader groups
Species that are closely related are grouped into the same genus
Leopard Panthera pardus
African lion Panthera leo
Tiger Panthera tigris

6. Classification
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
species

7. Orders & families

8. Why not use common names?
Misleading
starfish
dragonfly
Confusing
blue jay, blue coat, corn thief
dog, perro, chien
I swim, but I’m still a bird!

9. Why not use common names?
But they all have only one scientific name!
Pisaster ochraceus
Pyrrhosoma nymphula
Cyanocitta cristata

10. What variety! What similarity!
Diversity of Life
there are so many different creatures on Earth
why are there differences?
Unity of life
all creatures have similarities
common characteristics
why are they so alike?

12. Organizing the world of organsims
The Tree of Life
organize creatures by structure & function
how they are built
how they live
organize them into groups of closely related creatures

13. Bacteria & Archaebacteria
Eukaryote
Prokaryote
Classification
6 Kingdom system
Prokaryotes
No separate organelles in their cells
Bacteria
Archaebacteria
Eukaryotes
Separate organelles in their cells
Protists
Plants
Fungi
Animals
Bacteria & Archaebacteria

14. Kingdom Archaebacteria
Prokaryotes
Kingdom Protist
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Plant
Kingdom Animal
Kingdom Archaebacteria
Kingdom Bacteria
Eukaryotes

15. Organizing systems Making sense out of the differences
Eastern gray squirrel
Sciurus carolinensis

16. Prokaryotes Bacteria one-celled organisms microscopic no organelles
have cell membrane
have DNA
most common form of life on Earth
incredible number of different kinds

17. Bacterial diversity rods and spheres and spirals… Oh My! Rods Spheres

18. Both Good & Bad… Pathogens Beneficial & necessary cause disease
infections
Beneficial & necessary
help in digestion
help plants grow
make foods

19. Archaebacteria Ancient bacteria live in extreme environments
high heat
high salt
the most ancient creatures living on Earth today

20. Bacteria live EVERYWHERE
On plants & animals
In plants & animals
In the soil
In the extreme cold
In the extreme hot
On the living
On the dead

21. Any Questions??