1. Internet2: Health Sciences
Mary Kratz
Internet2 Health Sciences Project Manager
IDEA COBRE 1 October 2002
Introduction
What is Internet2?
Mission
Advanced Research and Education Network
Consortium
# Members
[Network Map]
current backbone topology and speeds
- GigaPOPs
Relationship with other networks
- National Peering Arrangements
- Local Networks
- International Peering Arrangements
Future of the backbone
- upgrade to OC-192
- etc
What is an Internet2 Application
Current Applications
Attributes -
Examples
- NEES
- HENP
- STAR
How Astronomy will work
- eVLBI
22 February 2019

2. Internet2 Universities 200 University Members, September 2002
This is the latest map of Internet2 universities. Each Internet2 university commits to providing the high performance networking on their own campus, connecting to a high-performance backbone network, and supporting advanced applications development on their own campus.
2/22/2019

3. Internet2 Mission
Develop and deploy advanced network applications and technologies, accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s Internet.
Enable new generation of applications
Re-create leading edge R&E network capability
Transfer technology and experience to the global production Internet
This is the Internet2 mission.
2/22/2019

4. Why Internet2? The Internet was not designed for:
Millions of users
Congestion
Multimedia
Real time interaction
But, only the Internet can:
Accommodate explosive growth
Enable convergence of information work, mass media, and human collaboration
2/22/2019

5. Challenges for Today’s Internet
Provide reliable end-to-end performance
Encourage cooperation on new capabilities
Allow testing of new technologies
Support development of revolutionary applications
2/22/2019

6. Why University Leadership?
The Internet came from the academic community
Stanford -- the Internet protocols
NSFNet -- the scaled-up Internet
CERN -- the WWW protocols
University of Illinois -- the Web browser
Universities’ research and education mission require an advanced Internet and have demonstrated they can develop it
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7. Leadership
University presidents/chancellors are the voting representatives
Strong Board of Directors
Advisory councils with board seats
Applications Strategy Council
Network Planning and Policy
Network Research Liaison
Industry Liaison Council
2/22/2019

8. Internet Development Spiral
Commercialization
Privatization
ANS/Core
PSI
MichNet
Today’s Internet
AOL
UUNet
SURANet
InternetMCI
NYSERNet
ANS
Intelligent
Networks
GigaBit
Testbeds
ARPANet
NSFNet
NGI
MBone
Internet2
Research and
Partnerships
Development
2/22/2019

9. Internet2 Partnerships
Internet2 universities are recreating the partnerships that fostered the Internet in its infancy
Industry
Government
International
Partnerships are the foundation of how the Internet developed and they are also a part of the foundation of Internet2.
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10. Internet2 Corporate Partners
This is the latest list of Internet2 Corporate Partners. Corporate partners have committed to providing over US$1million in support of collaborations with Internet2 universities.
2/22/2019

11. Internet2 and the Next Generation Internet Initiative
NGI
University-led
Federal agency-led
Developing education and research driven applications
Agency mission-driven and general purpose applications
Building out campus networks, gigaPoPs and inter-gigapop infrastructure
Funding research testbeds and agency research networks
Internet2 works closely with the federal agencies involved in the Next Generation Internet initiative.
Interconnecting and interoperating to provide advanced networking capabilities needed to support advanced research and education applications
2/22/2019

12. International MoU Map Europe-Middle East Asia-Pacific Americas
ARNES (Slovenia)
BELNET (Belgium)
CARNET (Croatia)
CESnet (Czech Republic)
DANTE (Europe)
DFN-Verein (Germany)
GIP RENATER (France)
GRNET (Greece)
HEAnet (Ireland)
HUNGARNET (Hungary)
INFN-GARR (Italy)
Israel-IUCC (Israel)
NORDUnet (Nordic Countries)
POL-34 (Poland)
RCCN (Portugal)
RedIRIS (Spain)
RESTENA (Luxembourg)
Stichting SURF (Netherlands)
SWITCH (Switzerland)
TERENA (Europe)
JISC, UKERNA (United Kingdom)
Asia-Pacific
AAIREP (Australia)
APAN (Asia-Pacific)
APAN-KR (Korea)
APRU (Asia-Pacific)
CERNET, CSTNET, NSFCNET (China)
JAIRC (Japan)
JUCC (Hong Kong)
NECTEC / UNINET (Thailand)
SingAREN (Singapore)
TAnet2 (Taiwan)
Americas
CANARIE (Canada)
CUDI (Mexico)
CRNET2 (Costa Rica)
REUNA (Chile)
RETINA (Argentina)
RNP2 (Brazil)
SENACYT (Panama)
2/22/2019

13. Abilene
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14. Abilene Network
-Qwest
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15. 2/22/2019

16. Internet2 Network Architecture
GigaPoP
One
GigaPoP
Two
Internet2 Backbone Networks
This diagram shows the network architecture being developed by Internet2 members.
GigaPoP
Three
GigaPoP
Four
2/22/2019

17. Internet2 Interconnect
Network Architecture
Internet2 Interconnect
Cloud
GigaPoP
One
Regional Network
University C
Commercial
Internet
Connections
University B
University A
This diagram illustrates a possible ways universities access the high-performance and commercial networks
2/22/2019

18. Internet2 GigaPoPs 31 as of September 2002
These are the location of the Internet2 gigaPoPs.
2/22/2019

19. Internet2 Backbone Networks
This is an illustration of the (currently) two Internet2 backbone networks, the vBNS developed by MCI Worldcom and the National Science Foundation and Abilene, developed by the University Corporation for Advanced Internet Development, Qwest, Cisco and Indiana University.
Donna Cox, Robert Patterson, NCSA
2/22/2019

20. International Transit Network
STAR TAP
APAN/TransPAC, Ca*net3, CERnet, GEMNET, IUCC, KOREN/KREONET2, NORDUnet, RENATER, REUNA, SURFnet, SingAREN, SINET, TAnet2, (ANSP, RNP2)
NYCM
BELNET, CA*net3, JANET, NORDUnet, SURFnet, TEN-551, (HEAnet)
AmPATH
(REUNA, RNP2, ETINA)
UT El Paso
(CUDI)
1 ARNES, BELNET, CARNET, CESnet, DFN, GRNET, HEAnet, RESTENA, SWITCH, HUNGARNET, GARR-B, POL-34, RCCN, RedIRIS
STTL
CA*net3,
AARnet
SNVA
GEMNET,
(SINET)
LOSA
SingAREN, SINET,
UNINET
CALREN2
CUDI
OC 3-12
OC 12
2/22/2019

21. Download of “The Matrix” DVD (Comparison of the Internet2 Land Speed Record)
2/22/2019

22. Advanced Application Attributes
Interactive collaboration and instruction
Real-time access to remote resources
Large-scale, multi-site computation
Distributed data storage and
data mining
Shared virtual reality
Dynamic data visualization
Any combination of the above
2/22/2019

23. Internet2 Commons
Encourage and support large-scale, distributed collaboration for research and education
Enabling one-to-one, one-to-group, and group-to-group collaboration
Supporting personal communications, meetings, conferences, and communities
For Internet2 members and their international counterparts
2/22/2019

24. Virtual Monthly Briefings
Studio environment:
Lights
Cameras
Wires (everywhere)
Showcased the functionality and flexibility of the concept
2/22/2019

25. Access Grid Entire rooms of interaction instead of a talking head
2/22/2019

26. Telecubicle
Advanced Network & Services, Brown University, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, University of Pennsylvania
2/22/2019

27. Healthcare in the Information Age

28. The Scope of the Internet2 Health Science Workgroup
includes clinical practice,
medical and related biological
research, education, and
medical awareness
in the Public.
Enigma Machine and Bombe
Armed forces have always been dependent on communications. During World War II, the German Army and Navy tried to keep their communications secret by using encryption devices called Enigma machines. These sophisticated coding devices could generate over 1 trillion different coding patterns. The Germans believed they were too sophisticated for Allied forces to break them. But in one of the best-kept secrets of the war, first the Poles, and later the British and Americans succeeded in deciphering messages. The wooden device in the foreground is a 4 rotor German Enigma machine, used for encoding. The large machine in the background is a "Bombe," used for breaking the code. Working out the details of codebreaking machines was one of the developments that fostered electronic computers.
Smithsonian Photo by Laurie Minor-Penland.
22 February 2019

29. Roadmap Networking Health: Prescriptions for the Internet
National Research Council Report
Current and future Internet
Released 24 February 2000
National Academy Press
ISBN
2/22/2019

30. Health Science Activities
Medical Middleware Working Group
Security Working Group
HIPAA Guidelines
Veterinary Medical Working Group
Visible Human Project Collaboratory
Orthopedic Surgery Working Group (in formation today!)
Bioethics BOF
Pharmaceutical Information Management BOF
Telesurgery SIG
Biomedical Research Network and Testbeds (BioGRID)
Multi Center Clinical Trails SIG
Knowledge Management Systems
2/22/2019

31. Support of Community through Knowledge Sharing
Internet2 acts as a clearinghouse to help distribute information
Technical meetings
Virtual presentations
Development of demonstrations and tools
Cooperate on standards to maintain global interoperability
Technical Support
Software tools (monitoring, diagnostic)
Loaner hardware (Vbrick, Cakebox, Access Grid)
Access to expertise (working groups)
2/22/2019

32. “The value of a network goes up as the square of the number of users.”
Metcalf’s Law
“The value of a network goes up as the square of the number of users.”
Physical Network
People Networking
Connection to technology resources
Research partnerships
Help learn from each others projects
Watch for trends
What Internet2 does not do
Run your project
Lay wires, write code, etc.
2/22/2019

33. Distributed Medical Informatics Education
Oregon Health & Science University and the University of Pittsburgh
Covers a broad range of fields including electronic medical records and information retrieval
Distance learning provides students with access to faculty, expertise, and other students
Medical informatics is a broad field spanning electronic medical records, telemedicine, information retrieval, image processing and analysis, bioinformatics, and evaluation methodologies. Using Internet2 high-speed networking and distance learning modalities, students in the informatics programs within Oregon Health & Science University and the University of Pittsburgh have access to a broader range of faculty, areas of subject expertise, and other students with whom to collaborate.
2/22/2019

34. Virtual Tumor Board
2/22/2019

35. Remote Instrumentation
Phillips XL30 Scanning Electron Microscope
Remote operation and Resource sharing
Now accessible to a larger audience
New teaching and learning techniques are possible
2/22/2019

36. Anatomy and Surgery Workbench
Stanford University
School of Medicine
Allows students to learn anatomy and practice surgery techniques using 3-D workstations
Network testbed evaluates the effectiveness of workbench applications
SUMMIT’s Next Generation Internet (NGI) testbed network within the Stanford School of Medicine evaluates the effectiveness of the Anatomy and Surgery Workbench applications. The testbed network links selected classrooms, labs, clinical departments, and the medical library using a high-speed gigabit Ethernet backbone. The new 3-D Learning Space and connected classrooms allow students to learn anatomy and basic surgical skills through the use of 3-D workstations, haptic (touch sensitive) devices, stereoscopic displays, distributed rich media databases, and application program servers. Both applications support synchronous collaboration through a shared virtual workspace and will use haptic feedback to augment the visual sense. This technology permits the definition of new curricular elements including the repeated dissection of anatomical structures, visual segmentation of raw data sets, creation of 3-D organ models, and the practice of fundamental surgical maneuvers. The capabilities of Internet2 high-performance networks and use of a distributed client-server system allow teachers and users to share online, image-rich data, and professional experiences.
2/22/2019

37. http://birn. ncrr. nih. gov/and http://www. nbirn
Biomedical Informatics Research Network (BIRN)
2/22/2019

38. Molecular Interactive Collaborative Environment (MICE) http://mice
Interactive 3D environment
Multiple users at different physical locations interact via the network
Collaboratively examine and manipulate a shared 3D macromolecule
Real-time
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39.
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40. Challenges to Health Sciences (take home message)
"The medical research revolution is happening! 
90% of data collected today will never be seen by a human eye. 
This is everyone's problem.
We must manage a growing amount of data to secure knowledge for the future." - Michael Marron, NIH
2/22/2019

41. More Internet2 Information
On the Web
Mary Kratz, Health Sciences Project Manager
For more information about Internet2, please see these web sites, or contact directly by .
2/22/2019