1. Connection for Future IoT Ecosystem for ITU-T SG20 IoT Forum Shane HE
Nokia Networks
10 minutes presentation in session 1,
7 pages

2. While the past has been about connecting people, the future is about connecting things – improving personal life, optimizing business processes
Connected things
Programmable things
Many things 2 3 1
Programmable World with 50 bn things connected by 2025
Mobile internet with 8 bn people connected by 2020
Fixed internet with 1 bn places connected by 2005
Source: Cisco-IBSG Report, BCG-The Mobile Revolution
The programmable world improves people's lives through automation, enhanced connectivity and intelligence. It also helps industries to become more efficient, agile and real-time.
1st page: Nokia’s IoT concept

3. Deep, vertical-specific insights
To fully capitalize the Internet of Things opportunity, five main challenges have to be overcome
Robust connectivity:
Latency, availability, coverage, cost
Standardization:
Standard connectivity for billions of things 1 2
Domain knowledge:
Deep, vertical-specific insights 5 3 4
Interoperability and open interfaces:
Enabling platforms to talk with each other
Privacy and security:
Prevent malware injection and data misuse
2nd page: challenges

4. Nokia aspires to shape the programmable world with IoT-optimized networks and applications in selected verticals
Nokia improves people‘s lives and business results with the Internet of Things …
Human
Trusted
Open
Insightful
Impactful 
Applications
Partner ecosystem for e2e vertical applications
Platforms
Connectivity management, application enablement
… and optimizes and designs networks for the Internet of Things
Scalable
Flexible
Cloudified
Efficient
Secure
Connectivity
LTE-M, GSM evolution, 5G, short-range, MEC¹, IoT optimized Core & Security
3rd page, Nokia’s strategy :
how to realize concept: to support applications, we provide platforms and connectivity
1. MEC: Mobile Edge Computing

5. Nokia provides flexible IoT deployment options on cloud
IoT Core Overlay Network
Build overlay cloud ready Core for IoT service deployment
IoT as a Service
Offer IoT hosted service from Nokia Cloud infrastructure
IoT Core Overlay Network
Existing Core Network
IoT as a Service
Existing Core Network
We provide flexibility to start overlay deployment and help operators to build cost-effective Core Network for IoT deployment
E2E solution with: Deployment alternatives, IoT Optimized network, Data Analytics, and Core Programmability
Then how to provide platform and services: flexible deployment on cloud

6. LTE-M enables Massive Machine Type Communication
Utilities
Sensors
Wearables
Automotive
Traffic
Smart cities
Smart grids
Battery life >10 years with two AA batteries
Support large number of M2M devices
Additional 15dB coverage
Very low device costs
3GPP RAN Rel. 13: LTE evolution for Cellular IoT
Reduced UE Bandwidth of 1.4MHz in downlink and uplink (even further down to 200kHz)
Reduced maximum transmit power of [20dBm]
Reduced support for downlink transmission modes
UE processing relaxations
Use cases
Requirementss
Technology
Then Connectivity: LTE-M
Adapting LTE for the Internet of Things
There are several options for wide area M2M connectivity, from standard solutions like 2G, 3G and LTE and Wi-Fi to semi-standard technologies that will coexist with LTE, such as Weightless on TV White Spaces and Wave2M.org, in addition to proprietary solutions such as SIGFOX, OnRamp Wireless and Nwave.
While LTE was originally designed for high data-rate broadband services, the industry is forging ahead to develop the technology to make it more suitable for M2M applications. 3GPP Release 12 has defined LTE-M for machine type communication, with a different set of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), while still complying with the LTE system. Such KPIs include reduced bandwidth, lower maximum transmit power and reduced support for downlink transmission.
These reductions in complexity provide significant cost reductions. To enable LTE to be a competitive solution for low ARPU M2M communication, further cost reductions are required and are being addressed in Rel. 13 and beyond.
Connecting to a cellular network requires a cellular modem in the device. Current modems in LTE networks have aimed at tens of megabits to enable high resolution imaging and video content. Many M2M applications produce perhaps hundreds of bits of measurement data, so we need to reduce the M2M system cost by simplifying the chipset.
A better battery life
Smartphone users are familiar with the need to frequently charge their devices. However, in several machine types, it is crucial that the device can remain in operation for very long periods of time, even years. A depleted battery would stop the machine communicating, which could be a major problem for a fire alarm. The interval between changing the battery in such a device is therefore a very important factor.
In Rel. 12, a device power saving mode (PSM) was introduced, enabling a significant improvement in device battery life, while in Rel. 13, further improvements for battery lifetime are expected, with some use cases requiring further improvements. One example is when downlink traffic is not delay-tolerant or in extreme coverage scenarios. In this case, a trade-off is achieved between reachability and lifetime through the use of extended sleep cycles. Furthermore, the reduction of signaling overhead using optimized Radio Resource Control (RRC) procedures may also be addressed in Rel. 13. By increasing the Discontinuous Reception (DRX) cycle from 2.56 sec to 2 min for two AA batteries, battery lifetime increases from 13 months to 111 months with this simple change.
Support large number of M2M devices
The network elements need to handle charging and subscription without physical Universal Integrated Circuit Card (UICC) cards, as well as admission control and overload in the network, including support for small packages.
Building great coverage
Coverage is important in M2M applications. A simple example is smart meters, which are often in basements of buildings behind concrete walls. Industrial applications such as elevators or conveyor belts can also be located inside challenging constructions. This has driven the M2M community to look for methods that increase coverage by tolerating lower signal strength than that employed by devices used by people.
To provide ubiquitous network coverage for M2M services, 3GPP will introduce a coverage enhancement feature in Rel. 13. Up to 20 dB coverage enhancement can be achieved using a combination of techniques including power boosting of data and reference signals, repetition/retransmission, and relaxing performance requirements, for example, by allowing longer acquisition time or higher error rate.
Solutions to the need for low cost devices, more coverage and longer battery are all currently being considered in 3GPP Rel. 13. Making these changes will see the Internet of Things become a powerful yet normal part of many people’s daily lives, supporting new ways of living, working, buying and consuming in the smart cities of the future.

7. Remote control of robot
IoT adds extreme requirements to networks. LTE-M will provide ultra-low cost, low power connectivity.
10 years on battery
10-100
10 000
<1 ms
M2M
100 Mbps
>10 Gbps
avg. Throughput
Ultra reliability
ultra low cost
x more devices
peak data rates
x more traffic
latency
Massive broadband
Throughput
Capacity everywhere
3D video / 4K/8K screens
Smart city cameras
Smart city cameras
Omnipresence
Industry 4.0
Massive machine type
communication
(LTE-M)
Remote control of robot
Latency | Reliability
Critical machine type communication
Mission critical broadcast
Sensor NW
Autonomous driving
# of Devices | Cost | Power
Ultra-dense
(Low power) Wide area
Crowd
Outdoor
A trillion of devices with different needs
GB transferred in an instant
Mission-critical wireless control and automation
In the future, 5G will be the first mobile generation designed from the beginning for machine type communication.

8. Security of Things: Mobile Guard provides unique malware detection for the Internet of Things
Telco-centric dashboard for IoT and end user devices
Security Insight (Dashboard)
Action Engine (automated actions)
Uses Telco data for detection and mitigation
Malware intelligence DB
Correlation of traffic patterns
Detailed real-time information about infected devices
Automated actions / mitigation
Radio
Core
GSM/3G/LTE
GGSN
SMSC
Nokia Mobile Guard has an analytics engine that “listens” and “analyzes” the traffic for MBB – and searches for patterns that are consistent with malware behavior.
The information on known malware behavior comes from a malware intelligence DB, that is provided by Nokia partner F-Secure.
Mobile Guard also has a machine learning capability that is able to detect suspicious patterns, even if they are not yet included in the malware DB.
The automated Action Engine.
For each infected subscriber, it follows a workflow in order to help the subscriber in an automated way.
It may, for example, send an SMS informing the subscriber about the infection, block the access or advise a scan client to clean the malware.

9. Nokia: Prioritized approach on IoT verticals
Domains
Domains
Home office
Fleet & rental car management
Infotainment, navigation
Verticals
Verticals
Networks
Advanced Driver Assistance
Equipment
Connected Car IT
Surveillance, Tracking
Smart payment
Public
Safety
Retail Services
Emergency Management
Smart stores
Law Enforcement,
Military
Smart vending
Connected Health
Consumer Home
Remote Patient Monitoring
Smart home
Smart lightning, temperature
Preventive Care
Smart
City
Utilities
Industries
Hospitals & Research
Smart music, video
Traffic, parking, tolls
Citizen services, connected tourism
Prioritized segments
Smart Grid
Under evaluation
Smart production
Water and waste
Smart buildings
Smart agriculture
Conclusion: Connection for Future IoT Ecosystem