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AP EURO Unit #3 – Scientific Revolution and the Era of the Enlightenment Lessons # 306 RUAL INDUSTRY BUILDING A GLOBAL ECONOMY.

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Presentation on theme: "AP EURO Unit #3 – Scientific Revolution and the Era of the Enlightenment Lessons # 306 RUAL INDUSTRY BUILDING A GLOBAL ECONOMY."— Presentation transcript:

1 AP EURO Unit #3 – Scientific Revolution and the Era of the Enlightenment Lessons # 306 RUAL INDUSTRY BUILDING A GLOBAL ECONOMY

2 First, let’s talk about shifts in British royalty

3 English monarchs of the 18th century
Queen Anne ( ) Took over at age 37 – seen as fat and always pregnant 17 pregnancies to Prince George of Denmark Only Prince William lived to age 11 (in 1700) Crisis with the Throne – next in line was James III, son of James II What is a solution to prevent a revert back to James III? Act of Settlement (1701) If Anne had no kids, power would pass to Hanoverian Elector

4 English monarchs of the 18th century
Act of Settlement (1701) If Anne had no kids, power would pass to Hanoverian Elector George I – cousin to Anne and great grandson to James I George was 54 – spoke very little English Married first cousin – had one son George I

5 Hanoverian British kings
George I – not real English George II – sorta English King’s College (Columbia) Georgia and Georgian calendar Hated his dad George III Born in England (grandson to George II) Favored Tories – Whigs called him a tyrant Looked for ways to recover $$ from Seven Years War without raising taxes 3m to end (9m) –English kings

6 New English democracy Political factions
Tories – peace with France Favored a strong monarchy Favored land owning rich Favored James, not George Whigs – anti-French Favored a strong Parliament Favored urban commercial interests Favored George I Robert Walpole – first PRIME MINISTER Saved English from South Sea Bubble Given power to rule by George I and II TORY is a term associated with American loyalists during the American Revolution These were the guys who liked the King, not the Parliament George III saw Parliament as corrupt, and in need of a check on their power. He would be that check, and planned to will try to reassert the power of the throne – Why will George III like the Tories more than the Whigs?

7 THE ACT OF UNION Act of Union (1707)
Joined Scotland with England and Wales United Kingdom of Great Britain 2m – How Scotland became English 5m – Explanation of Britain

8 Parliament in 18th Century
House of Lords Permanent seats House of Commons Elected (sometimes chosen) Did not answer to constituents They represented “interests” Often “bought off” by wealthy Fair tax structure Finances secure Freedom of speech and press Lots of public debate No large standing army

9 Colonial Trade of the 18th century
British becoming enormously rich By Mercantilism AND by… Joint stock companies – English East Indian Company (to compete with Dutch East Indian Company) Encouraged colonies Built up colonies where the Spanish were not North America India The Dutch had already established colonies; and victories in naval wars against them solidified British primacy on high seas French would soon follow, and challenge British primacy

10 Mercantilism – What are the key points?
What gets sent to the “mother country”? What’s the commodity in high demand”? In the end, what’s the goal, when dealing with other nations? What does the “mother country” want from the colonies? What would they send to colonies? England, France, Spain, United Provinces, Portugal The Americas, Africa, India, Asia What would they want from the colonies?

11 Triangle Trade Using this diagram, describe the TRIANGLE TRADE
Who wins out? Who loses biggest? Why do you think Europeans could justify this practice?

12 Mercantilism - Triangular Trade
According to this image, what was the ultimate goal (purpose) of the Triangle Trade? According to this diagram, what was the cost to Europeans?

13 Atlantic Slave Trade What region go the most African slaves?
How did the US compare to other areas? Describe.

14 Atlantic Slave Trade According to THIS map, what region most benefitted from the Slave Trade?

15 Colonial Trade of the 18th century
Britain became undisputed colonial champion by end of Seven Years War Most powers had colonies somewhere Dutch France Britain Russia Portugal

16 Cottage Industry Purpose: employ women in farm houses to earn some $$ in off season – cheap labor Work was done in cottages during “down” time Usually a one-room home – goal: keep up with increasing population’s need for new clothing Flying Shuttle – JOHN JAY Made weaving faster Organized by the “putting out” system Merchants “put out” raw materials Paid peasants for their part of finished product Merchants HATED the lack of control Start of textiles industry

17

18 Partition of Poland Prussia needed to avoid war in late 1700s
Used Poland as tool for diplomacy Austrian, Russia and Prussia each bit away a piece of Poland, three times By 1795, Poland was removed from the map

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