1. The Biosphere is all life on Earth. It is made up of
the organisms in the lithosphere,
the atmosphere,
the hydrosphere,
and the ecosphere

2. Biodiversity
biological diversity in an environment as indicated by numbers of different species of plants and animals

3. What is genetic variation?
Describes naturally-occurring differences between individuals in the same species

4. Biodiversity includes
Pigeons with genetic variations
Mutations within ecosystems that make up the biosphere.

5. o

6. Biotic Factors
a living component of an ecosystem; for example organisms, such as plants and animals.

7. Abiotic Factors
are non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment which affect ecosystems.

8. Examples of Abiotic Factors
Water, light, wind, soil, humidity, minerals, gases.

9. Examples of Biotic Factors
All living things — autotrophs and heterotrophs — plants, animals, fungi, bacteria.

11. Carrying Capacity
the maximum population size of the species that the environment can sustain indefinitely, given the food, habitat, water, and other necessities available in the environment.

12. Examples of Carrying Capacity

13. Fluctuations in Carrying Capacity

14. Human Population Growth
The effects of growth are:
Habitat alteration
Introduction of invasive species,
Pollution,
& overharvesting

15. Overharvesting
means taking more from the land (or sea) than it can replace. Extreme farming, grazing, fishing, over-using water, is very harmful in the long term.

16. Invasive Species
Examples are
Kudzu &
Fire ants

17. Traditional Agriculture
farming that uses a lot of machinery, labor, chemicals, etc. in order to grow as many crops or keep as many animals as possible on the amount of land available

18. Sustainable Agriculture