1. Chapter 2, Lesson 1, Landforms
6th Grade Earth Science

2. Chapter 2, Lesson 1, Landforms Slide 1
-What are landforms?
*How do landscapes form?
- They are features sculpted by processes both on Earth’s surface and resulting from forces within Earth.
*The transfer of matter and energy from Earth’s interior builds mountains.
*Forces on the surface continuously wear down the mountains.
*These forces are caused by uneven heating of the surface of the sun.
*This energy is transferred to the atmosphere which makes weather that constantly hits the surface material and erodes it away.

3. Chapter 2, Lesson 1, Landforms Slide 2
*Without these eroding forces, the planet’s surface would be more mountainous.
-They can cover large regions or be smaller.
-There are three main types:
Mountains-high elevation
Plateaus-high elevation
Plains-low, flat areas
-What are landforms continued?

4. Chapter 1, Lesson 2, Landforms Slide 3

5. Chapter 2, Lesson 1, Landforms Slide 4
-What is it that creates higher elevation landforms?
-Uplift is any process that moves the surface of Earth to a higher elevation.
-If a large flat area is uplifted, a plateau is formed.
-If the uplifted area has many steep slopes, it is called a mountain.
-Earth’s internal energy produces uplift.
-As thermal energy from Earth’s interior moves toward the surface, matter in the interior moves upward.

6. Chapter 2, Lesson 1, Landforms Slide 5

7. Chapter 1, Lesson 2, Landforms Slide 6
*How are landforms shaped by surface processes?
*While Earth’s internal energy pushes up the land, surface processes wear it down.
*Water, wind, ice, and gravity break apart the rocks that make up mountains
*The wearing away of soil and rock is called erosion.
*Water causes most erosion
*The water traveling down mountains and plateaus turn into rivers and streams carrying fragments to the oceans which create beaches.

8. Chapter 2, Lesson 1, Landforms Slide 7

9. Chapter 2, Lesson 1, Landforms Slide 8
-What types of landforms can you find in California?
-California has many types of landforms that are so spectacular that they are preserved as a national park:
Yosemite National Park has a U-shaped surface that glaciers carved into the valley as they moved across its surface about one million years ago.
-Lassen Volcanic National Park features an active volcano called Lassen Peak. A series of violent volcanic eruptions blasted out a new crater at its summit, and caused residents living in the vicinity to lose their homes. -

10. Chapter 2, Lesson 1, Landforms Slide 9
Yosemite Valley

11. Chapter 2, Lesson 1, Landforms Slide 10
Lassen Peak

12. Chapter 2, Lesson 1, Landforms Slide 11
*What are important details about California’s mountains?
*California has two large mountain ranges, the Sierra Nevada and Coastal ranges.
*Both mountain ranges were formed because solid rock was pushed up to form high peaks.
*California has a mountain/volcano, Mt. Shasta, that was formed when melted rock rock poured out from its center onto the land surface.
California’s mountains continue to grow upward, but they grow so slowly that you don’t realize that uplift is happening.

13. Chapter 2, Lesson 1, Landforms Slide 12
Coastal and
Sierra Nevada
Mountain Ranges

14. Chapter 2, Lesson 1, Landforms Slide 13
Mount
Shasta

15. Chapter 2, Lesson 1, Landforms Slide 14
Sierra
Nevada
Mountains

16. Chapter 2. Lesson 1, Landforms Slide 15
Southern
Coastal
Range

17. Chapter 2, Lesson 1, Slide 16
-What are important details about California’s Valleys?
-Next to the California Mountain ranges are flat, open valleys.
-Water flowing downhill from the mountains carry loosened rock fragments and soil particles that make the valley’s farmland rich in nutrients for growing plants.
-These fertile valleys make California a top-ranked agricultural producer in the United States.
-Rivers carve the valleys as they flow from the mountains to the Pacific Ocean.

18. Chapter 2, Lesson 1, Landforms Slide 17
A farm in
California’s
Central Valley

19. Chapter 2, Lesson 1, Landforms Slide 18
*What are important details about California’s Beaches?
*Sand-sized grains of rock loosened from mountains toward the east provide material for beaches along the Pacific Coast.
*Without rivers continuously adding more sand, beaches would disappear because sand is constantly being washed away by ocean currents moving parallel to the shore.
*Beaches are temporary features that must have sand added constantly in order to exist.

20. Chapter 2, Lesson 1, Landforms Slide 19
Laguna
Beach In
Southern
California

21. Chapter 2, Lesson 1, Landforms Slide 20
-Summary
-Heat energy from the Sun and from Earth’s interior provides the energy to change landscapes.
-The constant movement of energy from Earth’s interior to the surface results in forces that uplift the land into mountains and plateaus.
-Thermal energy from the Sun provides energy for weather that includes precipitation, which wears down the uplifted landforms.
-Most landform changes are slow and steady.

22. Questions????? Slide 21 What are three main types of landforms?
What is any process that moves the surface of Earth to a higher elevation?
If an uplifted area has many steep slopes, what is it called?
What is the name of one of California’s mountain ranges?
What is the name of California’s mountain/volcano?
Where does the sand from California’s beaches originally come from?