1. Section 4 Acidic or Basic
Chapter 8
Section 4
Acidic or Basic

2. Ionic Bond
An ionic bond is when a metal gives its valence electron to a non-metal to become stable.

3. What Ions Do Acids and Bases form in Water?
In the chart on page 307 notice that all the formula begin with an H, the symbol for hydrogen.
Hydrogen Ion- an atom of hydrogen that has lost its electron.
The production of hydrogen ions helps define an acid.
An acid produces hydrogen ions (H+) in water.

4. Hydrogen Ions
Hydrogen Ions are responsible for corroding metals and turning blue litmus paper red.
Acids may be strong or weak.

5. Hydrogen Ions

6. Bases in a Solution Look at the table on page 308.
Many bases shown are made of positive ions combined with hydroxide ions.
The hydroxide ion (OH-) is a negative ion made of oxygen and hydrogen.
A base produces hydroxide ions in water (OH-)

7. Measuring pH
To determine the strength of an acid or base, chemists use a scale called pH.
The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14.
It expresses the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.

9. What are the products of Neutralization?
What happens when you mix an acid and a base?
It results in salt water!!!
HCl + NaOH yields H20 + Na + Cl
If you tested the pH of the mixture, it would be close to 7 on the pH scale or neutral.
A reaction between an acid and a base is called neutralization.

10. Products Neutralization process produces water and “salt”.
A salt is any ionic compound that can be made from a neutralization reaction. A salt is made from the positive ion of a base and the negative ion of an acid.
Chart on page 311 shows you common salts produced by neutralization process.

11. When adding an acid and base the solution will change!
If you add bleach with a basic pH of 12.5 to a solution of cola with acidic pH of The solution will change. But how?

12. pH can change
12.5 base added to a 2.3 acid will change the pH of that solution to 7.4
b= 14.8 divided by 2 = 7.4
The solution is moves closer to neutral but still is slightly basic!

13. Discuss Lab for Wednesday
pH Scale with common everyday items