2. STS launch http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/images/pao/STS47/10064946.htm
NASA Photo ID: STS047(S) File Name: jpg
Film Type: 35mm Date Taken: 09/20/92
Title: STS-47 Endeavour, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 105, liftoff from KSC
Description:
STS-47 Endeavour, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 105, atop its external tank (ET) and
flanked by two solid rocket boosters (SRBs), is recorded in this low angle
view as it heads for its second trip into space. From this angle, the
space shuttle main engines (SSMEs) are clearly visible as well as the
diamond shock effect produced during firing. Exhaust plumes trail from
the SRB skirts. OV-105 is just about to begin its roll maneuver. Liftoff
from Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Launch Complex (LC) 39 pad occurred at
10:23:00:0680 am (Eastern Daylight Time (EDT)).
Subject terms:
ENDEAVOUR (ORBITER)
EXHAUST CLOUDS
EXTERNAL TANKS
FLORIDA
KENNEDY SPACE CENTER
LIFTOFF (LAUNCHING)
SPACE SHUTTLE BOOSTERS
SPACE SHUTTLE MAIN ENGINE
STS-47

13. SSME firing
Space Shuttle Main Engine
Enhancements
When a NASA Space Shuttle lifts off the
launch pad, it does so with the help of three
reusable, high-performance rocket engines.
Each of these powerful main engines is 14
feet (4.2 meters) long, weighs
approximately 7,000 pounds (3,150
kilograms) and is 7.5 feet (2.25 meters) in
diameter at the end of its nozzle.
Developed in the 1970s by NASA's
Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville,
Ala., the Space Shuttle Main Engine is the
world's most sophisticated reusable rocket
engine.
The engines operate for about
eight-and-one-half minutes during liftoff and
ascent -- long enough to burn more than
500,000 gallons (1.9 million liters) of
super-cold liquid hydrogen and liquid
oxygen propellants stored in the huge
external tank attached to the underside of
the Shuttle. Liquid oxygen is stored at -298
degrees Fahrenheit (-183 degrees Celsius)
and liquid hydrogen at -423 degrees
Fahrenheit (-250 degrees Celsius). The
engines shut down just before the Shuttle, traveling at about 17,000 mph, reaches
orbit.
NASA continues to increase the reliability and safety of Shuttle flights through a
series of enhancements to the Space Shuttle Main Engines. The engines were
modified in 1988, again in 1995, and more improvements are being developed in
2000.
The newest modifications include new high-pressure fuel and oxidizer turbopumps, a
two-duct powerhead, a single-coil heat exchanger and a large-throat main
combustion chamber.

18. STS 114 MISSION

22. STS!
Space Shuttle Discovery, atop the mobile launcher platform and crawler transporter, nears the top of Launch Pad 39B after a
4.2-mile crawl from the Vehicle Assembly Building. At left are the Rotating Service Structure and the Fixed Service Structure,
which will enable final preparations of the orbiter, external tank and solid rocket boosters for the STS-103 launch targeted for
Dec. 6, 1999, at 2:37 a.m. EST. The mission is a "call-up" due to the need to replace and repair portions of the Hubble Space
Telescope. Although Hubble is operating normally and conducting its scientific observations, only three of its six gyroscopes are
working properly. Four EVA's are planned to make the necessary repairs and replacements on the telescope. The STS-103
crew members are Commander Curtis L. Brown Jr., Pilot Scott J. Kelly, Steven L. Smith, C. Michael Foale (Ph.D.), John M.
Grunsfeld (Ph.D.), and Claude Nicollier of Switzerland and Jean-Frangois Clervoy of France, both with the European Space
Agency. (Photo Release Date: 11/13/1999 )

26. Engine close up
A clear blue sky is the perfect setting behind Space Shuttle Endeavour as it hurtles into space. Launch of mission STS-99
occurred at 12:43:40 p.m. EST from Launch Pad 39A with a crew of five aboard: Commander Kevin Kregel, Pilot Dominic
Gorie, and Mission Specialists Janet Kavandi, Janice Voss, Mamoru Mohri of Japan and Gerhard Thiele of Germany. Mohri is
with the National Space Development Agency (NASDA) of Japan, and Thiele is with the European Space Agency. Known as
the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), STS-99 will chart a new course to produce unrivaled 3-D images of the
Earth's surface. The result of the SRTM could be close to 1 trillion measurements of the Earth's topography. The mission is
expected to last 11days, with Endeavour landing at KSC Tuesday, Feb. 22, at 4:36 p.m. EST. This is the 97th Shuttle flight
and 14th for Shuttle Endeavour. (Photo Release Date: 02/11/2000 )
KSC-00PP Raw ASCII Text Caption file
KSC-00PP Low (GIF Format, 320x240 pixels x 256 colors, approx 50 Kbytes)
KSC-00PP Medium (JPEG format, 1024x768 pixels x 256 colors, approx 250 Kbytes)
KSC-00PP High (JPEG, 2040x2640 pixels x 16 million colors, approx 400 Kbytes)

37.
NASA Photo ID: STS031(S) File Name: jpg
Film Type: 35mm Date Taken: 04/29/90
Title: STS-31 Discovery, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 103, glides toward EAFB landing
Description:
STS-31 Discovery, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 103, approaches Edwards Air Force
Base (EAFB), California landing facility. This view was captured moments
before the landing gear was deployed and shows OV-103's port side and its
underside of carefully placed heat shield tiles. OV-103 came to a
complete wheel stop at 6:51:00 am (Pacific Daylight Time (PDT)) on
concrete runway 22.
Subject terms:
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY
APPROACH
DISCOVERY (ORBITER)
SPACECRAFT LANDING
STS-31
THERMAL PROTECTION
TILES