1. Incidence of functional limitation in older adults: The impact of gender, race, and chronic conditions 
Dorothy D. Dunlop, PhD, Larry M. Manheim, PhD, Min-Woong Sohn, PhD, Xiangyang Liu, PhD, Rowland W. Chang, MD, MPH 
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 
Volume 83, Issue 7, Pages (July 2002)
DOI: /apmr
Copyright © 2002 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Impact of chronic conditions on cumulative proportion of elderly who reported functional limitation onset, by age, among those free of ADL limitations at baseline: (A) moderately limited (1–2 ADLs) persons; and (B) severely limited (3+ADLs) persons. Abbreviation: FL, functional limitation.
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation  , DOI: ( /apmr )
Copyright © 2002 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Impact of chronic conditions on the 2-year risk of developing moderate functional limitations for an average 80-year-old person who reported no ADL limitations. Two-year risk probabilities for moderate functional limitation onset estimated from simplified model that retains significant risk factors from table 2: log[−log(1 − DHMκ+2)] = − (baseline age) (arthritis) (CVD) (diabetes) (incontinence) (impaired vision). Abbreviation: DHM, discrete hazard model: moderate.
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation  , DOI: ( /apmr )
Copyright © 2002 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Impact of chronic conditions on the 2-year risk of developing severe functional limitations for an average 80-year-old person. Two-year risk probabilities for severe functional limitation onset estimated from simplified model that retains significant risk factors from table 3: log[−log(1 − DHSκ+2)] = − (baseline age) (timeκ from baseline) (moderate limitationκ) (CVD) (vision). Abbreviations: modFL, moderate functional limitation; DHS, direct hazard model: severe.
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation  , DOI: ( /apmr )
Copyright © 2002 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions