1. Roof Savings Calculator Overview Joshua New, Ph.D. Whole Building and Community Integration Group Building Technologies Research and Integration Center (BTRIC) Oak Ridge National Laboratory Joseph W. Mellott Director of Business Development The Garland Company Cleveland, Ohio

2. 2Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Buildings use a lot of energy US has 5% of the worlds population and uses 19% of global energy production DOE Goal: By 2030, buildings should use 50% less energy than 2010 baseline Figure 1. U.S. Primary energy consumption, 2006 Source: Building Energy Data Book, U.S. DOE, Prepared by D&R International, Ltd., September 2008.

3. 3Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Figure 2. Residential energy loads attributed to envelope and windows Source: Building Energy Data Book, U.S. DOE, Prepared by D&R International, Ltd., September 2008. Figure 3. Commercial energy loads attributed to envelope and windows Source: Building Energy Data Book, U.S. DOE, Prepared by D&R International, Ltd., September 2008.

4. 4Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy COMPUTER TOOL FOR SIMULATING COOL ROOFS INDUSTRY COLLABORATIVE R&D Marc LaFrance DOE BT LBNL R. Levinson, H. Gilbert, H. Akbari Chris Scruton CEC A. Desjarlais, W. Miller, J. New ORNL WBT Joe Huang, Ender Erdem Roof Savings Calculator (RSC)

5. 5Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy AtticSim (Attic Simulation) Model Roof & Attic Energy Balance ASTM C 1340-99 Standard For Estimating Heat Gain or Loss Through Ceilings Under Attics CEC PIER: Demonstrations Ft Irwin, US Army Miller et al. (2007), Natural Convection Heat Transfer in Roofs with Above-Sheathing Ventilation. in Thermal Performance of the Exterior Envelopes of Buildings, X, proceedings of ASHRAE THERM X, Clearwater, FL., Dec. 2007. Petrie, T. W., K. E. Wilkes. 1998. Effect of Radiant Barriers and Attic Ventilation on Residential Attics and Attic Duct Systems: New Tools for Measuring and Modeling, ASHRAE Trans., vol. 104, 1175-1192.

6. 6Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Attic Thermodynamics

7. 7Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy AtticSim Benchmark at Ft Irwin Miller, W. 2010. Field experiments to evaluate cool-colored roofing. Task 2.5.7 CEC milestone report.

8. 8Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy DOE-2.1E Whole Building Simulation Program User Interface LOADS SYSTEMS Input PLANT ECON Hourly weather Heat gains and losses Distribution of heating and cooling Production of heating and cooling Life-cycle cost analysis Building description Outputs energy use and costs, indoor conditions, etc. LOADS SYSTEMS PLANT

9. 9Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy 9 Roof Savings Calculator Replaces: EPA Roof Comparison Calc DOE Cool Roof Calculator Minimal questions (<20) Only location is required Building America defaults Help links for unknown information

10. 10Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy 10 Roof Savings Calculator Building Details HVAC efficiency and utility prices Roof and Attic Information (base vs. comp) Reports energy and cost savings DOE-2.1E+AtticSim

11. 11Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Residential Office Big Box Retail Warehouse Current building types Torcellini et al. 2008, DOE Commercial Building Benchmark Models, NREL/CP-550-43291, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden CO.

12. 12Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy AtticSim DOE-2

13. 13Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy 13 Roof Savings Calculator www.roofcalc.com

14. 14Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy 14 Roof Savings Calculator www.roofcalc.com

15. 15Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy 15 Roof Savings Calculator www.roofcalc.com

16. 16Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy 16 Roof Savings Calculator www.roofcalc.com

17. 17Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy 17 Roof Savings Calculator www.roofcalc.com

18. 18Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy 18 Roof Savings Calculator www.roofcalc.com

19. 19Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy 19 RoofCalc.com Impact Average: 86 visitors/day 50,000+ web simulations, 150+ user feedback, 3+ million analysis runs

20. 20Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy HPC used to verify building simulation engine of tool enabling industry promotion of energy efficiency Leveraging HPC resources to facilitate deployment of building energy efficiency technologies DOE: Office of Science CEC & DOE EERE: BTO Industry & Building Owners Roof Savings Calculator (RSC) web site/service developed and validated [estimates energy cost savings of improvements to flat or sloped roofs for any existing condition or climate] Industry partners install 2000+ roofs/mo, is integrating RSC into their proposal generating system (others expected to follow) AtticSim DOE-2 Engine (AtticSim/DOE-2) debugged using HPC Science assets enabling visual analytics on 3x(10) 6 simulations Potential cumulative savings 117.2 Gwh/yr ($1.6 billion/yr)

21. 21Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Goal Establish a geographic SRI Model that will establish the optimum substrate SRI for each locale based on credible validated date. Run the calculator backwards.

22. 22Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Study Parameters Standard Building – 40,000 square feet – Office Building – Medium Selected for all toggles – Actual Energy Costs from Each City Used – R-19 as Insulating Factors – Heating by Fuel – Cooling by Electric

23. 23Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Study Parameters – Cities (14) Selected Location Electricity, cents/kWh Gas, $/1000ft 3 New York17.4712.61 Los Angeles15.149.21 Chicago11.087.75 Houston11.018.43 Miami11.5117.00 Phoenix9.9813.01 Kansas City8.2910.05 Minneapolis10.377.76 San Francisco15.149.21 Austin11.018.43 Atlanta10.0614.23 Baltimore13.4411.85 Fargo7.267.38 Fairbanks16.558.43

24. 24Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Study Parameters – Substrates (23) Selected DescriptionReflectanceEmissivitySRI BUR No Coating10906 Mineral Mod Bit258825 Single Ply329035 Mineral Mod Bit339235 Metal358235 Aluminum Coating over BUR435835 Mineral Mod Bit457955 Coating over BUR498355 Metal498355 Aluminum Coating over BUR554548 Mineral Mod Bit638875 Coating over BUR638675 Metal638475 Single Ply648075 Aluminum Coating over BUR654565 Metal (White)7085 Coating over BUR (White)759093 Single Ply (White)768794 Coating over BUR (White)7990100 Mineral Mod Bit (White)8180100 Single Ply (White)8279100 Coating over BUR (White)8590107 Single Ply (White)8587107

25. 25Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Compared with… All Substrates were compared with – 5% Reflective – 0.90 Emissivity – BUR Roof

26. 26Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Disclaimer While DOE-2.1E] and AtticSim ASTM Standard C 1340-04 have been validated with comparison to empirical data, the integrated RSC engine has not. Furthermore, it is known to have discrepancies with previous cool roofing studies based on engines that didnt incorporate heat transfer through radiation within the attic assembly that is yet to be reconciled.

27. 27Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Current Results

28. 28Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Current Results – Not Surprising

29. 29Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Current Results – Peak Modality

30. 30Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Current Results – Surprising

31. 31Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Current Results

32. 32Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Current Results

33. 33Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Current Results

34. 34Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Data taken from doe-1 calculator Changed Assumption R-15*

35. 35Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Results - Similarities Clearly Warm Climates Still Needed Maximized SRI – Austin – Houston – Miami – Phoenix

36. 36Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Results – Similarities + Clearly Warm Climates Still Needed Maximized SRI Cold Climates Showed Modality – Chicago – Fairbanks – Fargo – Minneapolis – San Francisco

37. 37Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Results – Switches Clearly Warm Climates Still Needed Maximized SRI Cold Climates Showed Modality Climates Changed from a SRI Minimized Zone to a Maximized Zone – Atlanta – Baltimore – New York

38. 38Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Results – Surprise Clearly Warm Climates Still Needed Maximized SRI Cold Climates Showed Modality Climates Changed from a SRI Minimized Zone to a Maximized Zone LA Showed a localized Maximum at 65 SRI

39. 39Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Current Results

40. 40Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Current Results

41. 41Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Forward Effort More Data Model Validation Automate Reverse Modified Calculator

42. Thank You - Discussion