1. ... exchanges gases with the body and its environment.
Respiratory System ...
... exchanges gases with the body and its environment.

2. Animals exchange gases (Respire) in several different ways...2
Animals exchange gases (Respire) in several different ways... 2

3. Some with gills,

4. Some with body tubes,

5. Some, by diffusion through their skin or cell membrane,

6. and many use LUNGS!

7. Lungs exchange Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide
Human Respiration
Lungs exchange Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide

8. False The lungs are just spongy organs that fill with air...
T or F The lungs breathe.
False The lungs are just spongy organs that fill with air...

9. ... the organ that causes you to breathe is the
Diaphragm-
Muscle below
ribcage that
causes you to
breathe

10. “breathing in”. The diaphragm pulls down and the ribcage expands.
1. Inhalation
“breathing in”. The diaphragm pulls
down and the ribcage expands.

11. “breathing out” the diaphragm moves up and the ribcage pushes in.
2. Exhalation
“breathing out”
the diaphragm moves up and the ribcage pushes in.

12. Respiratory Parts and Functions
Nose- traps dust
Nasal Chamber- warms air
Epiglottis- covers windpipe while swallowing
Trachea- windpipe
vocal cords

13. Bronchi- tubes to lungs
Bronchioles- small tubes within lungs

14. Alveoli- air sacs within lungs that exchange gases with the bloodstream. One cell thin.

15. Alveoli have enough surface area from
one person’s lungs to cover the floor
of a
basketball
court!

16. ... carbon dioxide from the blood diffuses into the alveoli and oxygen from the alveoli diffuses into the blood.

17. ... removes cellular wastes from the bloodstream.
Dirty Blood
Excretory System
... removes cellular wastes from the bloodstream.
Clean Blood
...also called
Urinary System

18. Cellular Wastes Carbon dioxide- produced when oxygen is burned.
Ammonia- produced when glucose is burned. Often converted to urea(liquid waste) by the liver.

19. Other Wastes Water- when in excess Salt- when in excess
Foreign Chemicals- pollutants, alcohol, drugs, food additives, etc.

20. Animals excrete cellular wastes in several ways!

21. One - celled animals release wastes by simple diffusion out the cell membrane.

22. Worms collect liquid cellular wastes in small tubes and excrete out their skin.

23. Insects reabsorb water and release their cellular waste with leftover food out their anus.

24. Most animals, including. humans, have. kidneys,. specialized
Most animals, including humans, have kidneys, specialized organs for removing cellular wastes from the blood.
Pig ureter

25. Human Excretory Organs
Lungs- removes CO2 and water
Skin- removes water, salts, some CO2 and urea
Kidney- main organ of excretion (except CO2)

26. Human Plumbing
Kidney
Ureter
Bladder
Urethra

27. How a Kidney Works
... blood passes through the kidney and wastes are collected and
sent to
the urinary
bladder.

28. ...nephrons filter the wastes out of the blood by diffusion.
Inside the Kidney
...nephrons filter the wastes out of the blood by diffusion.

29. Nephrons are very small
Nephrons are very small. Thousands of them collect wastes and water(urine) which is sent to the urinary bladder.
Nephron
2ls30353

30. ... is a muscular organ that expands to hold urine.
Urinary Bladder...
... is a muscular organ that expands to hold urine.

31. ... removes cellular wastes
Excretory System ...
... removes cellular wastes