1. Section 14.1 & 14.2 Review

2. Human Chromosomes
Karyotype – a picture of our chromosomes (each cell would have an identical looking karyotype)
How is it made?
Photograph cells during mitosis
Cut out the chromosomes and group them together in homologous pairs

3. Karyotypes
Male
Female

6. Human Chromosomes
Sex Chromosomes – Carry genes that determine the gender of an individual
Males - XY (Y determines sex – male genes)
Females – XX
Often referred to as the 23rd chromosomes

7. Autosomal Chromosomes
Those chromosomes not involved in sex determination
Pairs 1-22
Summary
Human males referred to as 46XY
Human females referred to as 46XX

8. A B
Anti A
Anti B
Anti A Anti B
Type B Blood
Type A Blood
Type O Blood (Universal Donor)
Type AB Blood (Universal Recipient)

9. How is blood type inherited
Type A and B are both dominant =
co-dominance
Type O is recessive
Genotype
Phenotype AB
Type AB
AA or AO
Type A
BB or BO
Type B OO
Type O

10. Blood Groups Safe Transfusions Phenotype (Blood Type Antigen on
Red Blood Cell
Genotype To
From
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11. Rh factor Rh is a protein that also is important in blood transfusions
Rh+ is dominant over Rh-

12. Rh Factor Most of us are Rh +
Can become an issue with transfusions and pregnancy
If a Rh- mother is married to a Rh+ father, the child can be Rh+
If the child is Rh+ and mother Rh-, the mother’s body will fight the baby like it is an intruder
This can cause anemia, brain damage or possibly death
The mother can be given meds to counteract this

13. 1. Mother with type A blood (AO) x Father with type B blood (BO).
Genotypes
¼ AB
¼ BO
¼ AO
¼ OO
A O B O AB BO AO OO
Phenotypes
¼ Type AB
¼ Type B
¼ Type A
¼ Type O
Mother type O blood x Father with type A. What are all the
blood types their children could have?
A A A O O
O O
AO AO
AO OO
Answer: Type A or Type O