1. Joints, movements and muscles

2. Learning Objectives
To know the location of different muscles in the body.
To name and identify muscles associated with each joint.
To be able to analyse movements using knowledge of joints, movements and muscles.

3. Muscles
Identify on the picture the following muscles and colour them in…
Deltoid
Latissimus dorsi
Pectoralis major
Trapezius
Teres minor
Biceps brachii
Triceps brachii
Wrist flexors
Wrist extensors
Ilipsoas
Gluteus maxiumus, medius and minimus
Adductor longus, brevis and magnus
Biceps femoris, semi-membranosus, semi-tendinosus
Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis
Tibialis anterior
Soleus
Gastrocnemius

4. Joints
Using the picture, identify which muscles belong to these joints in the body:
Shoulder
Elbow
Wrist
Hip
Knee
Ankle

5. Movements
Complete the matching pairs tasks for the movement and its definition. Extension Once you think you are done – can you have a go at assigning different movements to the different joints we have already labelled?

6. Matching Pairs Movement Definition Flexion
When a body part moves so that the joint angle is increased (a backwards direction)
Extension
Shoulder joint moves away from the middle of the body.
Horizontal flexion
Palm faces upwards or up
Horizontal extension
Palm faces backwards or down
Pronation
Unique to the spine – bending the spine sideways
Supination
When a body part moves so that the joint angle is decreased (a forwards direction).
Abduction
Limb moves towards midline of the body
Adduction
The shoulder is flexed and shoulder joint moves towards middle of the body
Rotation
Foot moves in towards the shin
Lateral flexion
Foot moves away from the shin and the toes point
Dorsiflexion
Limb moves away from midline of the body
Plantar flexion
Articulating bones turns about its longitudinal axis.

7. Check your work… Movement Definition Flexion
When a body part moves so that the joint angle is decreased (a forwards direction).
Extension
When a body part moves so that the joint angle is increased (a backwards direction)
Horizontal flexion
The shoulder is flexed and shoulder joint moves towards middle of the body
Horizontal extension
Shoulder joint moves away from the middle of the body.
Pronation
Palm faces backwards or down
Supination
Palm faces upwards or up
Abduction
Limb moves away from midline of the body
Adduction
Limb moves towards midline of the body
Circumduction
The joint stays still while the furthest end moves in a circle
Lateral flexion
Unique to the spine – bending the spine sideways
Dorsiflexion
Foot moves in towards the shin
Plantar flexion
Foot moves away from the shin and the toes point

8. Movement Analysis

9. Learning Objectives
To know the types of joints located at specific parts of the body.
To identify movements possible at these joints.
To define and understand keywords in relation to muscles and muscle actions.
To be able to analyse movements using knowledge of joints, movements and muscles.

10. Types of joints

11. What do these words mean?
Agonist
Antagonist
Fixator
Isotonic
Isometric
Eccentric
Concentric
Use the textbooks to research what these words mean and give at least 2 examples for each keyword.

12. Types of muscle contraction
Isometric
Isotonic
Eccentric
Concentric

13. Planes of Movement