1. MA.CECILIA T. MEDINA, PHD UP ASIAN CENTER
BUILDING SUSTAINABLE FUTURES:
LESSONS FROM INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES IN THE MARGINS
MA.CECILIA T. MEDINA, PHD UP ASIAN CENTER

2. The Province of Bukidnon, Northern Mindanao

3. The STUDY
WHAT HAVE BEEN THE COLLECTIVE FORMS OF ADAPTATION TO ENCROACHMENT TO THEIR TERRITORY AND DISPLACEMENT FROM THEIR ANCESTRAL DOMAIN?
WHAT SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS HAVE INFLUENCED THEIR COLLECTIVE ADAPTATION?
WHAT LEARNINGS CAN BE DERIVED TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND INCLUSIVE GOVERNANCE OF IPS ?

4. INTERDISCIPLINARY Ecological PERSPECTIVE
ELEMENTS OF A SYSTEMS APPROACH
CULTURAL AND POLITICAL ECOLOGY
COLLECTIVE ADAPTATION
POLITICAL ECOLOGY:
ANCESTRAL DOMAINS-CONTESTED TERRITORIES
UNEQUAL POWER RELATIONS IN CONTROL OVER RESOURCES

6. ALCO, NASIPIT, NALCO , RIMCO thru Bureau of Forest Development
Higaonon community
Logging Companies:
ALCO, NASIPIT, NALCO , RIMCO thru Bureau of Forest Development
Higaonons:
Worked as Forest Guards
Movement into the INTERIOR:
SITIO MINTAPOD- former hunting ground

8. ENTRY OF MIGRANTS- lowlanders from Bohol and Cebu who acquired lands
Changes in farming practices and adoption of rice paddy cultivation
1984 Iglesia ni Cristo Invasion
-did not acknowledge Barrio captain, harassed and tried to stab him
-showed open contempt for datus
-increased theft of standing crops

9. Higaonons response:
Petition letter to Pres.Marcos and other officials
Holding of DUMALONGDONG
Had support of Catholic Church, Fr.Cullen
PANAMIN : Harrasment and taking of livestock and rice harvests by force.
Periodic Displacement due to unstable peace and order situation (AFP vs. NPA)

10. INFORMAL LAND MARKET-
Higaonons lost land by exchanging it for canned goods.
DISPLACEMENT & FEARS DUE TO INSURGENCY:
-NGO’s activities were discontinued for 3 months in 1996

11. CA 054 awarded totalling an area of 14,300 hectares.
WORKING FOR A CADC AND CADT AS COLLECTIVE ADAPTATION
CA 054 awarded totalling an area of 14,300 hectares.
SINGAMPO held throughout major activities in the community’s claim process.

19. The Map, Cameras, Recorders…

20. Consulting the Spirits

21. The Survey Team

22. Rituals During the Land Survey

23. Rituals with an Adjoining Tribe

24. Continuing threats to ancestral domain
Mono-crop plantations such as oil palm 200 hectares of palm oil in Land leased for 25 years at 8000 per hectare.

25. MINTAPOD DECLARATION
VARIOUS HIGANON COMMUNITIES PARTICIPATED IN 2009 GATHERING IN MINTAPOD AIMED AT PROTECTING Mt. Kimangkil, their sacred forests.
Presence of Bantay Kalasan or guardians of the forest who make regular rounds around the forest

26. Amay matangkilan
Leadership of AMAY MATANGKILAN- in customary zonification and self regulation of sanctuaries with traditional resource management and conservation practices such as Patagonan
Awarded in 2012 for his traditional ecological knowledge to ensure conservation of the forest

28. Some recommendations
Need to continually harmonize laws, ordinances, regulations related to indigenous and local knowledge, systems and practices, (ILKSP) and biodiversity
Promote traditional forest management as part of their indigenous knowledge systems and practices”

29. MULTI-STAKEHOLDER APPROACH
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
SOCIAL SERVICES AND SUPPORT
REPEAL OF LAWS THAT ARE NOT PRO-POOR
PARTICIPATION IN GOVERNANCE