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Taxonomy Topic 19.

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Presentation on theme: "Taxonomy Topic 19."— Presentation transcript:

1 Taxonomy Topic 19

2 Taxonomy- organizing organisms into groups based on similarities
Also called Classification

3 Why classify? Many different languages around the world By creating a set system of naming, everyone will understand which organism is being referred to. Usually Latin (sometimes Greek)

4

5

6 Who? Carolus Linnaeus “Father of Taxonomy”
Classified organisms based on structure Developed the system of Binomial Nomenclature 2 name system

7 Binomial Nomenclature
Always italicized when typed, underlined when hand written First name CAPITALIZED- Genus Second name lower case- species Example: Ursa maritimus = Polar Bear

8 Species belonging to the same Genus are close relatives
Lepidochelys olivacea Chelonia mydas Lepidochelys kempii

9 → → Hierarchy of Taxonomy Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family
BROADEST TAXON Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species → Most Specific

10 Did King Phillip Come Over For Good Soup????? copyright cmassengale

11 3 Domains Archaea & Eubacteria Eukarya
Unicellular prokaryotes (no nucleus, no membrane bound organelles) Eukarya Eukaryotes (nucleus & organelles) May be unicellular or multicelluar

12 Eukarya All organisms have nucleus and internal organelles.
This domain is separated into Four Kingdoms

13 4 Kingdoms of Eukarya Protista (protozoans, algae)
Fungi (mushrooms, yeasts) Plantae (multicellular plants) Animalia (multicellular animals)

14 Protista Mainly Unicellular
Some are autotrophic, while others are heterotrophic Aquatic

15 Protozoa: Heterotrophic Protists
Examples include: ameba and paramecium Algae: Autotrophic Protists Example: sea weed

16 Fungi All are heterotrophic They are decomposers Absorb nutrients Can be unicellular (yeast and bread mold) Can be multicellular (mushrooms)

17 Plantae All are multicellular Autotrophic
Examples: mosses, grasses, flowers, trees

18 Animalia All are eukaryotic Multicellular Heterotrophic

19 copyright cmassengale

20 Basis for Modern Taxonomy
Homologous structures (same structure, different function) Similar embryo development Molecular Similarity in DNA, RNA, or amino acid sequence of Proteins

21 Homologous Structures (BONES in the FORELIMBS) shows Similarities in mammals.

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