1. Alcatel Confidential and Proprietary
IP over OPTICAL ITU-T Workshop July Optical Switching And Equipment
2/22/2019
Alcatel Confidential and Proprietary

2. Overview Of Optical Switching Techniques
Agenda
Overview Of Optical Switching Techniques
Optical cross-connects based on Electrical switching technology
Optical cross-connects based on Photonic switching technology
In “opaque” context
Toward fully transparent networks
2/22/2019

3. Overview Of Optical Switching Techniques
Agenda
Overview Of Optical Switching Techniques
Electrical switching technology
Photonic switching technology
In “opaque” context
Toward fully transparent networks
2/22/2019

4. Benefits of the fully transparent networks
Two core switching technologies are available for providing flexibility in the OTN
Electrical
medium size cross-connects (<512 lambdas)
Photonic
allow bigger size in opaque context (thousands of ports in future)
key element for all optical networks
The operator choice is driven by the overall network cost and depends strongly on the network itself (topology, traffic matrix) and the application
2/22/2019

5. Optical Switching Techniques And Network applications overview
LTE/ Vendor A
LTE/ Vendor B
- Electrical fabric with black & white O/E ports
- Multi-vendor solution, cope with WDM installed base
- pre-OTN or full G.709 management
Electrical
O/E
O/E/O
O/E
O/E/O
OXC/ Vendor C
- Electrical fabric with colored O/E ports
- Mono-vendor solution
- full G.709 management (and pre-OTN)
Electrical
O/E
O/E
OXC+WDM/ Vendor C
2/22/2019

6. Optical Switching Techniques And Network applications overview
LTE/ Vendor A
LTE/ Vendor B
- Optical fabric without O/E/O ports
- O/E/O ports in WDM
- Multi-vendor solution
- Partial G.709 management
Photonic
O/E/O
O/E/O
OXC/ Vendor C
- Optical fabric without O/E ports
- no O/E/O ports in WDM for pass-through traffic
- Mono-vendor solution
- Partial G.709 management
Photonic
OXC + WDM Vendor C
2/22/2019

7. Overview Of Optical Switching Techniques
Agenda
Overview Of Optical Switching Techniques
Electrical switching technology
Photonic switching technology
In “opaque” context
Toward fully transparent networks
2/22/2019

8. Optical Switching Techniques Electrical technologie
- Cross-connects with integrated colored WDM transponders (+) full access to the G.709 frame
(+) most cost effective solution (avoid multiple OEO in the node)
(-) mono vendor solution
LTE/ Vendor A
UNI
Electrical
NNI
NNI
O/E/O
O/E
O/E
OXC + LTE / Vendor C
- Cross-connects with black & white O/E ports (+) allow multi-vendor interoperability
(-) G.709 management must be complemented in order to forward the section Signal Degrade condition (based on FEC corrected errors) from WDM systems to OXC (as well as from WDM system to WDM system)
2/22/2019

9. Overview Of Optical Switching Techniques
Agenda
Overview Of Optical Switching Techniques
Electrical switching technology
Photonic switching technology
In “opaque” context
Toward fully transparent networks
2/22/2019

10. Overview Of Optical Switching Techniques
Agenda
Overview Of Optical Switching Techniques
Electrical switching technology
Photonic switching technology
In “opaque” context
Toward fully transparent networks
2/22/2019

11. Photonic switching technology Opaque environment
DCI
DCI
- Optical fabric without O/E/O ports - O/E/O ports in WDM - multi-vendor solution - Large scale OXC with 3D MEMS techno (thousand of ports)
Photonic
O/E/O
O/E/O
LTE/ Vendor A
OXC/ Vendor C
LTE/ Vendor B
(+) cost effectiveness for intelligent patch panel in pre-OTN or OTN environment
(-) no 3R ports in OXC => only non intrusive monitoring capabilities
(-) OXC ports provide a low level of monitoring capabilities (optical LOS only) => a performant networking application (protection, restoration) implies to add an alarm forwarding mechanism from WDM to OXC (DCI).
2/22/2019

12. Overview Of Optical Switching Techniques
Agenda
Overview Of Optical Switching Techniques
Electrical switching technology
Photonic switching technology
In “opaque” context
Toward fully transparent networks
2/22/2019

13. Benefits of the fully transparent networks
Cost savings on the transponder side
Pass-through traffic is switched all optically in a node, there are no 3R transponders on the signal path => less 3R transponders in the network
Cost savings on the switching elements side
Port price of a photonic fabric is the same for one single channel or multiple channels => less ports, lower price for an equivalent switching capacity
the combination of a 3R lambda OXC and a photonic band cross-connect alleviates the size of the 3R OXC
On typical Pan-European and Pan-American networks, around 20% savings can be experienced with transparent Band cross-connect
2/22/2019

14. Transparent Networks Node Architecture
Photonic
Band 1
Combination of transparent « band » cross-connect and 3R lambda cross-connect
Band 2
Band MUX
Band MUX
Band n
Band MUX
Band MUX
3R Lambda cross-connect: - flexible lambda grooming - lambda conversion to resolve blocking
Intra Vendor Proprietary Interface
Lambda MUX ..
Lambda MUX
Lambda MUX
Lambda MUX
Lambda Fabric
For several years, the submarine systems have dramatically evolved with the integration of high level technologies such as WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) and SONET/SDH (Synchronous Optical Network / Synchronous Digital Hierarchy).
Today, a submarine network is a complex system involving submarine optical transmission equipment (such as the SLTE or the repeaters) and terrestrial transmission equipment (such as SDH multiplexers, SDH cross-connects and WDM terminal equipment).
This trend will continue in the future with the integration of new equipment such as optical switches (OPS) or IP routers.
User Network Interfaces (UNI). 10G, 4*2.5G
2/22/2019

15. Key issues in Fully transparent Long-haul networks
Cascadability of filtering functions
Only band cross-connect is feasible in long-haul applications (8 bands of 10 lambdas)
Fluctuation of power
automatic power adjustment when changing the (band) provisionning
Chromatic dispersion adjustment
Increased tunability range required, need for tunable chromatic dispersion on a band basis
Monitoring issues
access to digital information in only possible at the edge of the network
2/22/2019

16. Transparent Networks Node Architecture
DWDM
Power management
Adjustable CD mgmt
Core Switching
Building blocks for fully transparent optical cross-connect
- Active Gain Equalization (AGE): equalize the OSNR degradation, on a section basis - Tunable Dispersion Compensation: - shared signal quality measurement (for maintenance activities and fault location)
2/22/2019

17. Thanks
2/22/2019