1. P646 Identify Gymnosperms & Angiosperms.
22.3 Seed Plants
P646
Identify Gymnosperms & Angiosperms.

2. The Importance of Seeds
Q: What adaptations allow seed plants to reproduce without open water? A: Adaptations include 1)a reproductive process that takes place in cones or flowers, 2)the transfer of sperm by pollination, and 3)the protection of embryos in seeds. Seed=a plant embryo and a food supply, encased in a protective covering.

3. Cones & Flowers
Gymnosperms- groups of seed plants that bear their seeds directly on the scales of cones.
Angiosperms-groups of seed plants that bear their seeds within a layer of tissue that protects the seed; flowering plants.

4. The Life Cycle of a Gymnosperm
Q: How does fertilization take place in gymnosperms in the absence of water?
A: In gymnosperms, the direct transfer of pollen to the female cone allows fertilization to take place without the need for gametes to swim through standing water.