1. 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

2. 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system
Essential question
What are the structures of the
respiratory system?
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

3. Structures of the respiratory system
Upper Respiratory System
Nose
Sinuses
Pharynx
Epiglottis
Larynx
Lower Respiratory System
Trachea
Lungs
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

4. Structures of the Upper Respiratory System
Nose
Nasal cavity – space behind the nose
Vestibular region
Olfactory region
Respiratory region
Nasal septum – cartilage that divides the nose into right and left sides
Turbinates – scroll-like bones in the nasal region
Cilia – nose hairs; filter the air
Why do we have nose hair?

5. Structures of the Upper Respiratory System
Sinuses - Cavities in the skull.
Ducts connect sinuses to the nasal cavity
Lined with mucous membrane to warm and moisten the air; produce mucous for the respiratory tract.
Provide resonance to the voice
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

6. Structures of the Upper Respiratory System
*Pharynx (throat)
*Commom passageway for food and air
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
About 5” long
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

7. Structures of the Upper Respiratory System
Epiglottis
A flap or lid that closes over the opening to the larynx when food is swallowed
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

8. Structures of the Upper Respiratory System
Larynx
Voice Box
Triangular chamber below pharynx
Within the larynx are vocal cords, the glottis
Also called the Adam’s Apple
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

9. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System
Can you
identify
the trachea?
*Trachea (windpipe)
*Extends from the larynx, infront of the esophagus and forms the 2 bronchi
Approximately 4 ½” long
The walls are composed of alternate bands of membrane and C-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage.
Lined with ciliated mucous membrane

10. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System
At the lower end of trachea, the bronchus divide into right and left branches.
As they enter the lungs, the bronchus subdivide into bronchial tubes and into bronchioles.
At the end of the bronchioles are alveolar ducts and clusters of alveoli.
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

11. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System
Bronchi
Ciliated mucous membrane and hyaline cartilage
Lower end of trachea, separates into right and left bronchi
Bronchial tubes
Cartilaginous plates
Bronchioles
Thinner walls of smooth muscle
Lined with ciliated epithelium
Smaller subdivisions of the bronchus

12. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System
*Alveoli
Composed of a single layer of epithelial tissue
*Contain SURFACTANT (lipid/fatty material that lines the alveoli and keeps them from collapsing)
Each alveolus is surrounded by capillaries
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

13. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System
*The lungs are located in the thoracic cavity
Apex (top)
Base (mid to lower)
Fit snugly over diaphragm.
Lung tissue is porous and spongy.
Right lung
Larger and shorter than the left lung
Displaced by the liver
3 lobes
Left lung
Smaller than the right side
Displaced by the heart
2 lobes
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

14. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System
*Pleura
*Thin, moist slippery membrane that covers lungs
Double-walled sac
Space is pleural cavity – filled with pleural fluid
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

15. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System
Mediastinum
A septum or cavity between two principal portions of an organ.
Contains the heart and its large vessels, trachea, esophagus, thymus, lymph nodes, and connective tissue
Also called the interpleural space
Located between the lungs
Contains the thoracic viscera
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

16. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System
Diaphragm from the muscular system!
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

17. Let’s review the structures of the respiratory system …
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system

18. 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system
Essential question
What are the structures of the
respiratory system?
2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system