1. Integrated Zero Emission (INZEM) Energy System

2. Climate Change Mitigation
• Replace all fossil energy in Canada for more than 500 years
• Recycle / eliminate our radioactive nuclear fuel “waste”
• Avoid CO2 emissions equiv. to 30% atm. content (Canada)
Summary
100x more energy
Energy in the “waste”
Technology
Finances
Take-home message:
YES WE CAN

3. Climate Change Mitigation
Energy in
Technology
Exists
Nuclear Waste
100,000 tonnes
used CANDU fuel “waste”
$ 0.02
(2 cents)
sugar
$ 2,168*
gold
5 billion such cube volumes of used CANDU fuel “waste”
99% uranium
Value of ½ inch cube
950 billion tonnes CO2
avoid
( )
~30% of CO2
in atmosphere
recycle /
eliminate
>$ 20,000 CO2-free electricity
>500 years
decades
using
Fast-Neutron Reactors
$ 105,000,000,000,000
FNR
$ 105 Trillion
Electricity
Heat
since 1950
May :42, CAD /g
tested walk-away safe, 1986

4. Climate Change Mitigation Fast-Neutron Reactors
Energy in
Nuclear Waste
100,000 tonnes
Technology
Exists
Desalination
Kazakhstan (Caspian Sea)
Cape Town next ?
Process Steam
District Heating
Greenhouses
950 billion tonnes CO2
avoid
( )
~30% of CO2
in atmosphere
Switzerland
Hungary
>500 years
$ 105,000,000,000,000
Canada
$ Trillion
FNR
$ 105 Trillion
Heat
Heat
Electricity
Fast-Neutron Reactors
since 1950
tested walk-away safe, 1986

5. Climate Change Mitigation Fast-Neutron Reactors
Energy in
Nuclear Waste
100,000 tonnes
Technology
Exists
Process Steam
District Heating
Greenhouses
Kazakhstan (Caspian Sea)
Switzerland
Desalination
Hungary
Cape Town next ?
Finances ?
Canada
$ Trillion
FNR
$ 105 Trillion
Heat
Heat
Electricity
Fast-Neutron Reactors
since 1950
tested walk-away safe, 1986

6. Climate Change Mitigation
Energy in
Nuclear Waste
100,000 tonnes
Technology
Exists
Start-up Funds
Exist 1.
$10 billion for nuclear fuel waste management
(Ontario Nuclear Fuel Agreement Trust) 2.
Electricity price reform: fixed cost for infrastructure; low cost for energy 3.
Investment to grow: developers, infrastr./commercial banks, pension funds….
tested walk-away safe, 1986
since 1950
Fast-Neutron Reactors

7. Climate Change Mitigation
Summary
• Recycle / eliminate our radioactive nuclear fuel “waste”
• Replace all fossil energy in Canada for more than 500 years
• Avoid CO2 emissions equiv. to 30% atm. content (Canada)
Take-home message:
YES WE CAN

9. Climate Change Mitigation
Value of
Nuclear Waste
100,000 tonnes
Technology
Exists
used CANDU fuel “waste”
Is there a
Residue ?
$ Trillion
FNR
$ 105 Trillion
Heat
Heat
Electricity
“ashes”
fission products
rare earth
elements
platinum-group
precious metals
Fast-Neutron Reactors
since 1950
tested walk-away safe, 1986
$ 3 million / tonne