1. Westward Expansion
U.S. History
Chapter 13

2. Lure of Oregon
Families in search of good farmland kept moving farther west
Oregon Country: huge region west of the Rocky Mountains. Plentiful rainfall and mild climate
1818: U.S. & Britain agreed to occupy Oregon jointly. Spain & Russia withdrew.

3. Fur Trappers in Far West
1st Europeans and Americans in Oregon Country were fur trappers
Mountain men: rugged individualists who lived off the land
Rendezvous: place where people meet

4. Fur Trappers in Far West
Fur trade died; trappers led settlers west
Showed Indian trails to settlers heading west
Discovered mountain passes that became major routes

5. Missionaries in Oregon
Missionaries were 1st permanent white Americans to settle in Oregon.
Plan to convert Native Americans to Christianity
Helped create interest in new territories

6. West to Oregon
Oregon Trail, leaving from Independence, Missouri to West
Difficult journey: sickness was biggest threat.
Bad weather, hostile Native Americans

7. Americans in Texas Mexicans agreed to let Americans settle in Texas
Mexico feared losing Texas to the U.S.; began conflict with settlers
Settlers felt no loyalty to Mexico

8. Americans in Texas Alamo: outnumbered Texans resisted Mexican troops
Siege: enemy forces surround and try to capture a city or fort
Fall of the Alamo: Texans wanted revenge

9. Texas becomes Republic
Texans defeated Santa Anna at San Jacinto
Texans became independent republic after the battle
Mexico refused to recognize Texas independence

10. Texas becomes State Texas admitted to Union in 1845
Congress passed a joint resolution accepting annexation treaty
Annex: to add on

11. Santa Fe Trail
Santa Fe Trail: ran from Missouri to the New Mexico Territory in the west
Missouri merchants were 1st travelers along this route

12. Santa Fe Trail
Mountain man, William Becknell, was 1st to lead settlers along the Santa Fe trail.

13. Manifest Destiny

14. Manifest Destiny America would expand from coast to coast
Americans believed westward expansion would offer new economic opportunities

15. Polk Declares War President Polk favored expansion
When American and Mexican troops clashed near the Rio Grande, Polk urged Congress to declare war on Mexico

16. New Mexico added to U.S.
U.S. acquired New Mexico territory as result of the Mexican War
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo: Mexican cession
Cede: give up territory

17. Mormons Settle Utah Seeking refuge from religious persecution
Refuge: a safe place
Social and religious values clashed with those of other settlers

18. California Gold Rush Sutter’s Mill caused “gold fever.” ’49ers
Greed led to vigilantes & lynching; self-appointed law enforcement hanged accused without a trial

19. Cultural Mix
American, Spanish, Mexican, Native American, Chinese Americans, African Americans rushed to CA

20. Native Americans
Lived under both Spanish and Mexican rule: worked on missions and ranches
Mistreated
Native Americans lost land and lives after Gold Rush

21. Mexican Influences
Mexicans influenced American culture in the Southwest by teaching new irrigation techniques and mining skills.

22. Good Luck on your test!

23. Review Who were the first permanent American white settlers in Oregon?
A. Fur Trappers
B. Missionaries
C. Mormons

24. Review Who were the first permanent American white settlers in Oregon?
A. Fur Trappers
B. Missionaries
C. Mormons

25. Review What does “lynch” mean? A. give up
B. attack in which enemy forces surround and try to capture a city
C. execute without a legal trial

26. Review What does “lynch” mean? A. give up
B. attack in which enemy forces surround and try to capture a city
C. execute without a legal trial

27. Review What is a “rendezvous”? A. place were one is safe
B. place were people meet
C. place of execution

28. Review
What was the biggest threat to those who traveled West in wagon trains?
A. illnesses such as cholera
B. lack of leadership
C. snowstorms

29. Review
What was the biggest threat to those who traveled West in wagon trains?
A. illnesses such as cholera
B. lack of leadership
C. snowstorms

30. Review
Why did American settlers in Texas come into conflict with Mexico in the 1830s?
Settlers wanted to throw out the Mexican constitution
Mexico wanted to sell Texas to Spain
Mexico feared losing Texas to the U.S.

31. Review
Why did American settlers in Texas come into conflict with Mexico in the 1830s?
Settlers wanted to throw out the Mexican constitution
Mexico wanted to sell Texas to Spain
Mexico feared losing Texas to the U.S.

32. Review
What led settlers and trappers to move to Oregon and the Far West in the 1820s?
Offers of jobs in the shipbuilding industry
Lure of fertile lands, plentiful rainfall and mild climate
The absence of Native Americans

33. Review
What led settlers and trappers to move to Oregon and the Far West in the 1820s?
Offers of jobs in the shipbuilding industry
Lure of fertile lands, plentiful rainfall and mild climate
The absence of Native Americans

34. Review Why did the Mormons move west to settle in Utah?
They sought jobs on the railroads
They wanted to convert Native Americans to Christianity
They hoped to escape religious persecution

35. Review Why did the Mormons move west to settle in Utah?
They sought jobs on the railroads
They wanted to convert Native Americans to Christianity
They hoped to escape religious persecution

36. Review What is a “siege”? Place where one is safe
Attack in which enemy forces surround and try to capture a city or fort
Place where people meet

37. Review What is a “siege”? Place where one is safe
Attack in which enemy forces surround and try to capture a city or fort
Place where people meet

38. Review How did the U.S. and Britain settle their dispute over Oregon?
The U.S. bought the territory from Britain
The U.S. and Britain agreed to divide the land
The U.S. seized the land with military force

39. Review How did the U.S. and Britain settle their dispute over Oregon?
The U.S. bought the territory from Britain
The U.S. and Britain agreed to divide the land
The U.S. seized the land with military force

40. Review
Which group of rugged individualists lived off the land in Oregon?
Mountain Men
Missionaries
Tejanos

41. Review
Which group of rugged individualists lived off the land in Oregon?
Mountain Men
Missionaries
Tejanos

42. Review What does “cede” mean? To meet Give up
Attack enemies by surrounding the city or fort

43. Review What does “cede” mean? To meet Give up
Attack enemies by surrounding the city or fort

44. Review Mexicans influenced American culture in the Southwest by
Teaching Americans how to hunt in the desert
Teaching Americans new irrigation techniques and mining skills
Changing Americans’ views about Manifest Destiny

45. Review Mexicans influenced American culture in the Southwest by
Teaching Americans how to hunt in the desert
Teaching Americans new irrigation techniques and mining skills
Changing Americans’ views about Manifest Destiny

46. Review
What final incident caused President Pok to urge Congress to declare war on Mexico?
The U.S. expanded to the Pacific ocean
American and Mexican troops clashed near the Rio Grande
Mexico rejected Polk’s offer to buy CA and NM

47. Review
What final incident caused President Pok to urge Congress to declare war on Mexico?
The U.S. expanded to the Pacific ocean
American and Mexican troops clashed near the Rio Grande
Mexico rejected Polk’s offer to buy CA and NM

48. Review
Which of the following caused Texans to seek revenge against Santa Anna’s troops?
The fall of the Alamo
The treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
The battle of San Jacinto

49. Review
Which of the following caused Texans to seek revenge against Santa Anna’s troops?
The fall of the Alamo
The treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
The battle of San Jacinto

50. Review What is a “refuge”? Place where one is safe from persecution
Place where people meet
Place where people are executed

51. Review What is a “refuge”? Place where one is safe from persecution
Place where people meet
Place where people are executed

52. Review
Which of the following statements about mountain men is NOT true?
They showed Indian trails to settlers who headed west
They discovered mountain passes that later became major routes to the West
They were the first white Americans to settle permanently in Oregon

53. Review
Which of the following statements about mountain men is NOT true?
They showed Indian trails to settlers who headed west
They discovered mountain passes that later became major routes to the West
They were the first white Americans to settle permanently in Oregon

54. Review What was one challenge faced by the “Lone Star Republic”?
The U.S. refused to recognize its independence
Mexico refused to recognize its independence
American and German settlers fought over the issue of slavery

55. Review What was one challenge faced by the “Lone Star Republic”?
The U.S. refused to recognize its independence
Mexico refused to recognize its independence
American and German settlers fought over the issue of slavery

56. Review
What development immediately followed the Texan victory at San Jacinto?
Texas became an independent republic
Santa Anna made Texas a Mexican province
American settlers were forced to leave Texas

57. Review
What development immediately followed the Texan victory at San Jacinto?
Texas became an independent republic
Santa Anna made Texas a Mexican province
American settlers were forced to leave Texas

58. Review
Which of the following caused conflict between American settlers in Texas and the Mexican government?
Most of the settlers felt no loyalty to the U.S.
Most of the settlers felt no loyalty to Mexico
Most settlers helped Santa Anna gain power in Mexico

59. Review
Which of the following caused conflict between American settlers in Texas and the Mexican government?
Most of the settlers felt no loyalty to the U.S.
Most of the settlers felt no loyalty to Mexico
Most settlers helped Santa Anna gain power in Mexico

60. Review
At what battle did Texans defeat Santa Anna and win independence?
Gonzales
The Alamo
San Jacinto

61. Review
At what battle did Texans defeat Santa Anna and win independence?
Gonzales
The Alamo
San Jacinto

62. Review How was Texas admitted to the Union?
Congress passed a joint resolution accepting the annexation treaty
Mexico sold Texas to the U.S.
The President issued an executive order accepting the annexation treaty

63. Review How was Texas admitted to the Union?
Congress passed a joint resolution accepting the annexation treaty
Mexico sold Texas to the U.S.
The President issued an executive order accepting the annexation treaty

64. Review
How did the belief in Manifest Destiny contribute to the westward expansion of the U.S.?
Americans believed they could learn from other cultures
Americans believed expansion would offer new economic opportunities
U.S. government believed it should invade Mexico

65. Review
How did the belief in Manifest Destiny contribute to the westward expansion of the U.S.?
Americans believed they could learn from other cultures
Americans believed expansion would offer new economic opportunities
U.S. government believed it should invade Mexico

66. Review Why did Mormons leave their settlement in Ohio and move west?
The valley where they settled had frequent floods
They were frequently attacked by Native Americans
Their social and religious beliefs clashed with those of other settlers

67. Review Why did Mormons leave their settlement in Ohio and move west?
The valley where they settled had frequent floods
They were frequently attacked by Native Americans
Their social and religious beliefs clashed with those of other settlers

68. Review
Which of the following did the U.S. acquire as a result of the Mexican war?
New Mexico
Texas
Oregon

69. Review
Which of the following did the U.S. acquire as a result of the Mexican war?
New Mexico
Texas
Oregon

70. Review
Which of the following was NOT a danger faced by settlers on wagon trains?
Cholera
Attacks by mountain men
Rain-swollen rivers

71. Review
Which of the following was NOT a danger faced by settlers on wagon trains?
Cholera
Attacks by mountain men
Rain-swollen rivers

72. Review What role did missionaries play in the settlement of the West?
They organized wagon trains of settlers to establish new churches in the West
They helped build the port city of San Francisco
They helped to create interest in the new territories

73. Review What role did missionaries play in the settlement of the West?
They organized wagon trains of settlers to establish new churches in the West
They helped build the port city of San Francisco
They helped to create interest in the new territories

74. Review What trail ran from Missouri to New Mexico territory?
Oregon Trail
Santa Fe Trail
’49er Trail

75. Review What trail ran from Missouri to New Mexico territory?
Oregon Trail
Santa Fe Trail
’49er Trail

76. Review
Which pioneer was the fist to lead Americans across the Santa Fe trail?
Brigham Young
William Becknell
Stephen F. Austin

77. Review
Which pioneer was the fist to lead Americans across the Santa Fe trail?
Brigham Young
William Becknell
Stephen F. Austin

78. Review Who were the first travelers along the Santa Fe Trail?
Fur trappers
Mormons
Missouri merchants

79. Review Who were the first travelers along the Santa Fe Trail?
Fur trappers
Mormons
Missouri merchants

80. Review Native Americans in CA were NOT described in this way
Were vaqueros on cattle ranches
Worked on missions
Led easy lives

81. Review Native Americans in CA were NOT described in this way
Were vaqueros on cattle ranches
Worked on missions
Led easy lives