1. Sulfated Glycoconjugates
Biosynthesis, Control, and Regulation

2. Regulation Glycobiology What do we know?
Complex mechanism of regulation
Ongoing research
What do we know?
Proteoglycans require O-linked glycosylation
Biosynthesis occurs in ER and GA
Tetrasaccharide linkage unique to proteoglycans
Unique linear, unbranched Glycosaminoglycan (GAG)
Sulfation and other modifications occur at the end of proteoglycan synthesis

3. Proteoglygan structure

4. Route of proteoglycan synthesis

5. Tetrasaccharide linkgage

6. UDP-GlcA Transferase I Mechanism

7. Heparan Sulfate/Heparin

8. Heparan Sulfate/Heparin
Know sulfation mechanism, catalyze the inversion of stereochemistry in biological molecules

9. Chondroitin Sulfate/Dermatan Sulfate

10. Keratan Sulfate

12. Ongoing Research Still unclear: How serine is selected
What factors determine how long GAG chains polymerize
Organization of the enzymes of the GA compartment and how they are regulated

13. References
Kusche-Gullberg, Marion. Kjellén, Lena “Sulfotransferases in glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis” Current Opinion in Structural Biology. Volume 13, Issue 5, October 2003,
Prydz1, Kristian. Dalen, Knut Tomas. “Synthesis and sorting of proteoglycans” Journal of Cell Science 113, (2000)
Aberts, Bruce. Johnson, Alexander. Lewis, Julian. Raff, Martin. Roberts, Keith. Walter, Peter.“Molecular Biology of The Cell” 5th edition. 2008