1. Bacteria Notes

2. Plant
Fungi
Protista
Animal
Moneran
Prokaryotes

3. Bacteria CHARACTERISTICS
1. Have a protective cell wall
2. Prokaryote
3. Unicellular
Can be heterotroph OR autotroph
5. Most belong to Kingdom Eubacteria

4. Kingdom Archaebacteria
Also unicellular and prokaryotic
Live in extreme environments:
Hot springs
Brine pools (salt pools)
Deep ocean vents (volcanic vents)

5. Three Shapes- SHAPES 1. Bacilli (rod) bacillus 2. Cocci (round) coccus
3. Spirilla (spiral) spiriallum

9. Gram Staining
Gram staining is used to identify bacteria with extra membranes. These bacteria are more resistant to damage (antibiotics).
Gram positive stain purple
Gram negative (extra membrane) stain red

10. REPRODUCTION
Asexual – binary fission (single cell splits into 2 identical new cells)
Sexual – conjugation – trading DNA

11. MOBILITY (movement)
1. Most bacteria do NOT move 2. Few have a flagella - tail-like structure

12. MOBILITY (movement)
3. Transferred by water, air, food, insects, and human contact

13. HELPFUL BACTERIA 1. Food products ( cheeses, yogurts, chocolate)
2. Digestion of plant eaters (cow rumen)

14. HELPFUL BACTERIA 3. Helps dead things decay 4. Eats oil spills
5. Eats Sewage

15. HARMFUL BACTERIA 1. Pathogenic (disease-causing)
M. meningitis , E. coli or Salmonella (food poisoning ), B.anthracis (anthrax), C.botulina (botulism), Flesh-eating bacteria
Strep infection necratizing faciaitis

16. HARMFUL BACTERIA Infections (from injuries) 3. Body odor & bad breath
Cutting board Kitchen sponge Tooth plaque

17. INTERESTING FACTS - BACTERIA
Bacteria can Mutate - to change – allowing bacteria become resistant to antibiotics
Bacteria develop a tolerance to a drug(s)so they can survive
We can prevent by not overusing and by completing the precription given by doctor