1. solar wind – bow shock - magnetosheath
pickup ions
reflected SW SW
Bow shock
Yamauchi et al., PSS (2015), doi: /j.pss
Yamauchi et al., PSS (2015), doi: /j.pss
Frahm et al., PSS (2016), in press, doi: /j.pss

2. Seasonal change in newly ionized H
2-months average
(TIMED/SEE observation)
Strong perihelion-aphelion difference (> factor 10) of pick-up ions
minimum >> maximum

3. Seasonal change in newly ionized H
Strong perihelion-aphelion difference (> factor 10) of pick-up ions
minimum >> maximum

4. Oxygen Foreshock

5. Oxygen Foreshock (mass vs. direction)
O+ is accelerated by electrostatic potential
Reflected H+ energy (inc direction) = O+ energy + incident SW energy

6. Foreshock formation in Magnetosheath

8. Future work along the bow shock ⇒ bow shock motion 2005-8-05 07:45
08:45
09:45
10:45

9. Understanding reflection:
seasonal variation?
relation to foreshock?
relation to IMF?