1. Practical Experiences: ICT For Development in Indonesia
Onno W. Purbo
IDRC Sabbaticant

2. References http://sandbox.bellanet.org/~onno/
Mailing List

3. Acknowledgment .. Thank you IDRC Thank you Indonesian Consulate & SFU
Thank you my comrades in Indonesian ICT movement
including Heru Nugroho, Judith, Donny, Bona, Michael, Johar, Basuki, etc ..

4. Disclaimer .. I’m an engineer
I’m not a social scientist or a economics
I tend to simplify things ..

5. Focus on .. Experience in community based ICT development.
More on practical (techno) experiences ..
High Impact, Low Cost & Sustainable.

6. Unfortunately .. (or fortunately?)
It is a long 10+ years process ..
Not much funding
Government
World Bank
IMF

7. Indonesia 1993 Internet Users Few Cybercafe None
Schools on Internet None
ICT books Few
ICT Magazine Few

8. 10+ Years Later, Today .. 7.5+ Million Indonesian Internet Users
5000+ WiFi outdoor installations
2000+ CyberCafes
1500+ schools on the Internet
1000+ Community Radio
20+ ICT Magazines
Hundreds ICT Books Title
Hundreds Local ICT Authors

9. Future objectives ..
To see 100 million Indonesians on the Internet by 2015.
Self-finance
Gov’t have not much $$ to provide infrastructure.
Sustainable
Invest, maintain & operate by communities

10. Who? Mostly community based .. Not much gov’t funding & support
No World Bank, no IMF funding
Mostly self-finance & community based

11. More Questions …
How?
Where?
Funding & Cost?

12. Quick Answers Where? Funding & Cost?
It is everywhere, all over Indonesia ..
Total 7.5+ million Internet users (early 2004)
Funding & Cost?
Self-finance
US$0.5/student/month (RoI 1-2 years)
US$15-45/house/month

13. How? Some simple short answer would be: Education Awareness
Encourage Local Authors

14. How? – the logic .. Community education They understand ICT importance
Empowerment
How? – the logic ..
Community education
They understand ICT importance
Affordable when shared & Easy to use GUI.
They convinced
They invest
They install
They operate
They collectively pay all costs
They get their $$ back in 1-2 years
They influence other communities.

15. Stories Behind The Screen ..
“Jihad” for
Community Based ICT Infrastructure
vs.
The Incumbent Jurassic Infrastructure

16. Empowerment ..
It can be self-financed!!

17. Distribute CD

18. Web http://sandbox.bellanet.org/~onno http://www.apjii.or.id/onno/
Requests for help, talk & workshop from Nicaragua, Venezuela, Benin, Malaysia, Egypt, Pakistan, Mozambique etc …

19. Mailing Lists http://groups.or.id 2600+ lists 65.000+ subscribers
50+ / second

20. Workshops Roadshows

21. Publish ~40 Books ..

22. Impact ..
Empower the poor
Community based Infrastructure

23. Comp. Lab. For Street Kids
Source:
Donny BU

24. Used Equipments

25. Children Happy …

26. Stunned Others

27. Today ICT Equipments Low Cost User Friendly As a consequence
Old Paradigm:
Licensed by Government
Invested by Multinational
Supplied by Vendors
Operated by Operator
For customer
Today ICT Equipments
Low Cost
User Friendly
As a consequence
From The People
By The People
For The People

28. Major Technologies
WiFi – for outdoor usage!
VoIP
Neighborhood Network

29. Impact .. 5000+ Outdoor WiFi (Internet Wireless) nodes.
new nodes / month
Many neighborhood Networks
Cost US$15-45/month/neighbor

30. Community Based Infrastructure

31. Outdoor WiFi

32. VoIP

33. Neighborhood Network

34. What if we can change the regulation?
Currently
WiFi outdoor is licensed band.
Only ISP can get such licensed.
1999, we have to pay US$2200/year/node
2002, we have to pay US$270/year/node
Fact,
Most people run the system w/o licensed

35. Unlicensing WiFi Band .. Today Next 5 Years Users 1 million
Large Market! US$35/unit production cost  US$4.5 million industrial value!
Today
Next 5 Years
Users
1 million
17.8 million
ISP Tax/yr
US$
US$2.4 million
VAT Tax/yr
US$
US$14.8 mllion
Invest Tax
US$ 2 million
US$69.6 mllion
PC units
5000
2 million
WiFi eqpmnts
5500

36. The conservative consequences
17.8+ million Internet users

37. Indonesia will be dangerous!
Country
Population 2003
Australia
20+ million
Malaysia
23+ million
Philippine
84+ million
Thailand
63+ million
Vietnam
81+ million
Burma
42+ million
Canada
31+ million

38. The Catch … A need A “Leader” It’s not easy to find one  …..
The one who
Has the vision
Knows the way
Shows the way
Goes the way
It’s not easy to find one  …..

39. Thank You Knowledge is power Share it It will multiply.
You‘ll see the real power of Knowledge.