1. The History of Apartheid in S.Africa

2. Objectives Explain what apartheid was
Explain why Europeans wanted S.Africa in the first place
Identify what apartheid was like
Identify how apartheid ended

3. Why?
Europeans wanted S.African resources
Especially diamonds

5. Apartheid
Laws enacted in 1948, racial discrimination becomes institutionalized
Race laws touch every aspect of social life
“White only” laws- blacks had to carry passbooks.
Equivalent- Jim Crow laws in the US

8. United States

12. Homelands
Semi-independent areas occupied by blacks

13. Strict Law Gov’t allowed some to live outside homelands
To work certain jobs
Pass laws
Split families

17. Sharpsville Massacre March 21
*On this date in 1960, police in Sharpeville, near Johannesburg, fired on Black South Africans protesting racially biased pass laws. The protesters suffered 72 deaths and more than 200 injuries in two days of violence

19. Nelson Mandela Arrested in 1962 for opposing the apartheid laws
The African National Congress was a banned organization, he was a part of it
In jail until 1990
Elected first black president in 1994

21. Desmond Tutu
Religious leader against apartheid.

22. Tutu Quotations
"When missionaries came to South Africa, we had the land, they had the Bible. Then they told us, 'Let's close our eyes and pray.' When we opened our eyes we saw that we have the Bible, they have the land."
"If you are neutral in situations of injustice, you have chosen the side of the oppressor. If an elephant has its foot on the tail of a mouse and you say that you are neutral, the mouse will not appreciate your neutrality."

23. How did apartheid end?
Cost of apartheid for white minority became too great.
Economy stagnant (Boycots)
World trade sanctions

25. Connection between Arab-Israeli and S. Africa