1. Mass Spectrometer

7. All masses are determined relative to
the mass of carbon-12.

8. Figure 3.3: Mass spectrum of natural copper.

9. Mass of each isotope
Percent abundance
Neon-20 u
90.51%
Neon-21 u
0.27%
Neon-22 u
9.22%

10. Mass of each isotope
Percent abundance
Neon-20 u
90.51%
Neon-21 u
0.27%
Neon-22 u
9.22%

11. Mass of each isotope
Percent abundance
Neon-20 u
90.51%
Neon-21 u
0.27%
Neon-22 u
9.22%

13. Mass of each isotope
Percent abundance
Mass ∙ Percent
Neon-20 u
90.51%
Neon-21 u
0.27%
Neon-22 u
9.22%
(total)

14. Mass of each isotope
Percent abundance
Mass ∙ Percent
Neon-20 u
90.51%
Neon-21 u
0.27%
Neon-22 u
9.22%
(total)

15. Mass of each isotope
Percent abundance
Mass ∙ Percent
Neon-20 u
90.51%
Neon-21 u
0.27%
Neon-22 u
9.22%
(total)

16. Mass of each isotope
Percent abundance
Mass ∙ Percent
Neon-20 u
90.51%
Neon-21 u
0.27%
Neon-22 u
9.22%
(total)

17. Mass of each isotope
Percent abundance
Mass ∙ Percent
Neon-20 u
90.51%
Neon-21 u
0.27%
Neon-22 u
9.22%
(total)

18. Mass of each isotope
Percent abundance
Mass ∙ Percent
Neon-20 u
90.51%
Neon-21 u
0.27%
Neon-22 u
9.22%
(total)

19. Mass of each isotope
Percent abundance
Mass ∙ Percent
Neon-20 u
90.51%
Neon-21 u
0.27%
Neon-22 u
9.22%
(total)

20. Mass of each isotope
Percent abundance
Mass ∙ Percent
Neon-20 u
90.51%
Neon-21 u
0.27%
Neon-22 u
9.22%
(total)

21. Mass of each isotope
Percent abundance
Mass ∙ Percent
Neon-20 u
90.51%
Neon-21 u
0.27%
Neon-22 u
9.22%
(total)