1. Physical and Chemical Changes

2. Matter Matter – anything that has volume or mass.
Atoms are the smallest unit of matter!
Volume – anything that takes up space
Mass – the amount of matter that something is made of

3. MASS
Mass
Measured in grams with a balance

4. Volume Liquid Volume measured in liters Meniscus – the curve that
you see at the liquid’s
surface used to measure
the volume

5. Volume Solid Volume Measured in cubic meters (m3)
Cubic means “having 3 dimensions”

6. Can it be separated by physical means?
A. Matter Flowchart
MATTER
yes no
Can it be separated by physical means?
MIXTURE
PURE SUBSTANCE
Is the composition uniform? no
yes
Can it be decomposed by chemical means? no
yes
Homogeneous Mixture
(solution)
Heterogeneous Mixture
Compound
Element

7. B. Pure Substances Element matter composed of identical atoms
EX: copper

8. B. Pure Substances Compound
matter composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio
properties differ from those of individual elements
EX: salt (NaCl)

9. Heterogeneous Mixture
C. Mixtures
Non-specific combination of 2 or more pure substances.
Two Types of Mixtures
Homogeneous Mixture
even distribution of components
EX: saline solution
Heterogeneous Mixture
uneven distribution of components
EX: granite

10. A. Physical Property
A characteristic of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of its matter.
can be used to separate mixtures
EX: density, color, odor, mass and volume

11. Chemical Property
A characteristic that indicates whether a substance can undergo a specific chemical change.
EX: flammability, reactivity

12. Physical Change
Physical changes occur when matter changes its property but not its chemical nature.
Physical changes could include a change in: texture, shape, size, color, odor, volume, mass, weight, and density.

13. Physical Change Remember! properties remain the same reversible
can be used to separate mixtures

14. Physical Change

15. Chemical Change
Chemical changes are changes matter undergoes when it becomes new or different matter.
To identify a chemical change look for signs such as color change, bubbling and fizzing, light production, smoke, and presence of heat.

16. C. Chemical Change Remember! properties change irreversible
Signs: color change, formation of a gas/solid, release of light/heat

17. Chemical Change
A chemical change occurs when fireworks are used. Fireworks are made of metals such as magnesium and copper. These change chemically as they light up the sky.