1. Cross-Organ Sensitization of Lumbosacral Spinal Neurons Receiving Urinary Bladder Input in Rats With Inflamed Colon 
Chao Qin, Anna P. Malykhina, Hamid I. Akbarali, Robert D. Foreman 
Gastroenterology 
Volume 129, Issue 6, Pages (December 2005)
DOI: /j.gastro
Copyright © 2005 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Recording sites and response patterns of lumbosacral spinal neurons (L6 to S2) to urinary bladder distention (UBD) in rats with normal or inflamed colon. (A–C) Recording sites (•) of neurons responding to UBD in animals with normal (A) or inflamed (C) colon. (B) Drawing of the L6 segment.24 I to X indicate laminae; Liss, Liss’s tract; LSN, lateral spinal nucleus; Pyr, pyramidal tract; IM, intermedial nucleus. (D–G) Neuronal response patterns to UBD. SL-E, short-lasting excitatory response; LL-E, long-lasting excitatory response; I, inhibitory response; E-I, excitatory–inhibitory response. (H and I) Comparison of proportions of response patterns in spinal neurons responding to UBD in rats with normal (H) or inflamed (I) colon. imp/s, action potentials per second; NR, no response to somatic inputs.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /j.gastro )
Copyright © 2005 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
Comparison of responses of lumbosacral spinal neurons to graded intensities of UBD in rats with normal or inflamed colon. (A) Low-threshold excitatory (LT-E) response in a rat with inflamed colon. (B) High-threshold excitatory (HT-E) response in a control rat. (C) Low-threshold inhibitory (LT-I) responses in a rat with inflamed colon. (D) High-threshold excitatory–inhibitory (HT-E/I) response in a control rat. (E) Comparison of LT and HT neurons responding to UBD in normal and inflamed-colon groups. imp/s, action potentials per second.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /j.gastro )
Copyright © 2005 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

4. Figure 3
Comparison of stimulus–response curves of lumbosacral spinal neurons excited by graded UBD in animals with normal or inflamed colon. (A) Stimulus–response curves of all spinal neurons with excitatory responses to UBD. *P < .05; **P < .01 compared with corresponding neuronal activity in control animals. (B) Examples of response patterns of spinal neurons with convergent inputs from both urinary bladder and colon. (a) Excitatory (E) responses to noxious UBD and CRD in a control rat. (b) Excitatory–inhibitory responses to both UBD and CRD in a rat with inflamed colon. (c) Excitatory response to UBD but excitatory–inhibitory response to CRD in a control rat. (d) Inhibitory responses to both UBD and CRD in a rat with inflamed colon. (C) Comparison of stimulus–response curves of neurons with excitatory responses to UBD and no response to CRD. (D) Comparison of stimulus–response curves of viscerovisceral (UBD and CRD) convergent neurons with excitatory responses to UBD.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /j.gastro )
Copyright © 2005 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

5. Figure 4
Comparison of somatic field properties in lumbosacral spinal neurons responding to urinary bladder distention (UBD) in animals with normal or inflamed colon. (A) A low-threshold (LT) neuron that responded to brush but less to pinch of the somatic field. (B) A high-threshold (HT) neuron with response to pinch but not to brushing the somatic field. (C) A wide dynamic range (WDR) neuron with responses to both brush and pinch. (D) A WDR neuron with long-lasting excitatory (LL-E) responses to somatic stimuli. (E) Proportional comparison of somatic field properties of viscerosomatic convergent neurons in rats with normal or inflamed colon. MT, movement of tail; NR, no response to somatic inputs. (F) Comparison of somatic field sizes of viscerosomatic convergent neurons responding to both UBD and somatic stimuli. imp/s, action potentials per second.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /j.gastro )
Copyright © 2005 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

6. Figure 5
Comparison of somatic field properties in lumbosacral spinal neurons responding only to somatic stimuli and not responding to visceral stimuli (UBD or CRD) in animals with normal or inflamed colon. (A) Proportional comparison of somatic field properties of spinal neurons with only somatic input in rats with normal or inflamed colon. LT, low-threshold neurons; WDR, wide dynamic neurons; HT, high-threshold neurons; MT, movement of tail. (B) Comparison of somatic field sizes of spinal neurons responding only to somatic stimuli.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /j.gastro )
Copyright © 2005 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions