1. Tool Materials and Carbide Inserts

2. - high carbon steels - high speed steel - carbide - ceramic - diamond
Tool materials
- high carbon steels
- high speed steel
- carbide
- ceramic
- diamond

3. High carbon tool steels
used for hand tools such as files and chisels
sometimes for drilling and turning etc.

4. High speed steels
may be used at higher speeds (100 sfpm - in mild steel)

5. Cemented carbides products of the powder metallurgy process
small particles of tungsten and carbon powders mixed together with a metal of lower melting point (usually cobalt)

6. Cemented carbides (Cont.)
mixture is compressed
heated to around 2600 deg F. to complete the sintering process where the cobalt melts and forms a binder or matrix around the tungsten and carbon particles

7. Carbide tools
most widely used tool materials in the machining industry
insert is normally brazed or clamped to the tool holder
or the entire tool is made of carbide (small mill cutters)

8. Tool setup cutting tool should be exactly on center
use heaviest depth of cut possible
never stop the machine while feed is engaged

9. Insert uses

10. Insert wear and damage

11. Identification and selection of indexible inserts and tool holders

12. ANSI Standard identification system
Indexible Inserts

13. Insert Shape (Position 1)

14. Clearance Angle (Position 2)

15. Dimensional Tolerances (Position 3)
inscribed circle
thickness

16. Chip Breaker and Type (Position 4)

17. Inscribed Circle Size (Position 5)

18. Insert Thickness (Position 6)

19. Tool Nose Radius (Position 7)

20. ANSI Standard identification system
Tool Holders (Lathe)

21. Clamping Method (Position 1)

22. Insert Shape (Position 2)

23. Holder Style (Position 3)

24. holder styles

25. holder styles
continued

26. Rake Angle (Position 4)

27. Hand of Tool (Position 5)
Right, Neutral (Straight), Left

28. Shank Size (Positions 6 & 7)
in 16ths of an inch

29. Insert I.C. Size (Position 8)
in 1/8ths of an inch

30. Qualified Condition (Position 9)