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Tool Materials and Carbide Inserts
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- high carbon steels - high speed steel - carbide - ceramic - diamond
Tool materials - high carbon steels - high speed steel - carbide - ceramic - diamond
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High carbon tool steels
used for hand tools such as files and chisels sometimes for drilling and turning etc.
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High speed steels may be used at higher speeds (100 sfpm - in mild steel)
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Cemented carbides products of the powder metallurgy process
small particles of tungsten and carbon powders mixed together with a metal of lower melting point (usually cobalt)
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Cemented carbides (Cont.)
mixture is compressed heated to around 2600 deg F. to complete the sintering process where the cobalt melts and forms a binder or matrix around the tungsten and carbon particles
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Carbide tools most widely used tool materials in the machining industry insert is normally brazed or clamped to the tool holder or the entire tool is made of carbide (small mill cutters)
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Tool setup cutting tool should be exactly on center
use heaviest depth of cut possible never stop the machine while feed is engaged
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Insert uses
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Insert wear and damage
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Identification and selection of indexible inserts and tool holders
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ANSI Standard identification system
Indexible Inserts
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Insert Shape (Position 1)
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Clearance Angle (Position 2)
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Dimensional Tolerances (Position 3)
inscribed circle thickness
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Chip Breaker and Type (Position 4)
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Inscribed Circle Size (Position 5)
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Insert Thickness (Position 6)
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Tool Nose Radius (Position 7)
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ANSI Standard identification system
Tool Holders (Lathe)
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Clamping Method (Position 1)
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Insert Shape (Position 2)
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Holder Style (Position 3)
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holder styles
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holder styles continued
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Rake Angle (Position 4)
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Hand of Tool (Position 5)
Right, Neutral (Straight), Left
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Shank Size (Positions 6 & 7)
in 16ths of an inch
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Insert I.C. Size (Position 8)
in 1/8ths of an inch
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Qualified Condition (Position 9)
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