1. Causes of the American Civil War
State’s Rights

2. Who is responsible for the legal, moral, economic, and social laws of the country?

3. Absolute Monarchy
Absolute monarchy is a form of government where the king has the power to rule his or her land or country and its citizens freely, with no laws or legally-organized direct opposition in force.

4. Popular Monarchy
The first and only task of political society was to name an individual or a group of individuals as sovereign. This sovereign would then have absolute power, and each citizen would owe him absolute obedience

5. Military Dictatorship
A military dictatorship is a form of government wherein the political power resides with the military

6. Communism
Communism is an ideology that seeks to establish a classless, stateless social organization, based upon common ownership of the means of production.

7. Matriarchy
Matriarchy is a form of society in which power is with the women and especially with the mothers of a community

8. Patriarchy
Patriarchy is the term used to define the sociological condition where fathers have supreme authority within families and male members of a society tend to predominate in positions of power;

9. Theocracy
Either government by immediate divine guidance or, more commonly, as government by or subject to religious institutions and priests.

10. Aristocracy
The Ancient Greek term aristocracy meant a system of government with "rule by the best".
By wealth
By family name
By education

11. Direct Democracy
Every individual of a society (or of the chosen group, ie. Males over the age of 18) votes on every issue.

12. Representative Democracy
Representative democracy is a form of democracy founded on the exercise of popular sovereignty by the people's representatives. The representatives act in the people's interest.

13. Anarchism
Anarchism is the name of a political philosophy centered on rejection of any form of compulsory government and hierarchical authority (such as the state) and support its elimination

14. The North’s Interpretation with Regards to the Civil War
Preserve the Union – The Constitution is a legally binding document that each state signed at ratification, and it must be enforced to guarantee the survival of the country as a whole
A supreme law of the land, legislated and enforced by those elected, must be created to have a unified country

15. The South’s Interpretation with Regards to the Civil War
Popular sovereignty is the notion that no law or rule is legitimate unless it rests directly or indirectly on the consent of the individuals concerned. (State’s Rights)

16. The South’s Interpretation with Regards to the Civil War
The 10th Amendment to the Constitution states: "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people."

17. The South’s Interpretation with Regards to the Civil War
South Carolina also believed that because it was the state’s themselves that create the elected federal government, state’s then have a right to secede, or withdraw, from the union if they wished to do so.

18. The South’s Interpretation with Regards to the Civil War
The 1st Amendment to the Constitution states that Congress shall not prohibit “…..the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition to Government for a redress of grievances.”

19. The South’s Interpretation with Regards to the Civil War
….that to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, — That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government….

20. Tariff Issue
In 1828, Andrew Jackson raised tariffs to discourage foreign imports and to encourage American manufacturing. This, of course, benefited the North and hurt the South.

21. Southern State’s Response 1
South Carolina appealed the federal law raising tariffs, on the argument that state’s had the right to judge when the federal government had exceeded its authority under the Constitutional checks-and-balances system.
States could nullify, or reject, federal laws they found to be unfair or unconstitutional?

22. Federal Government’s Response 1
An individual state’s ruling cannot supersede the will of the majority.
Passage of the Force Bill, which gave the federal government use of whatever force necessary to execute laws, including the use of federal troops.

23. Federal Government’s Response 2
In 1869, Texas v. White, the US Supreme Court ruled that it was illegal for state’s to secede from the Union.

24. Slavery Issue
The Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) – the Supreme Court repealed the Missouri Compromise by allowing the new territories of Kansas and Nebraska the right of “popular sovereignty”, or the right to choose their fate as a slave or free state.

25. The US Supreme Court
As part of the Dred Scott Decision, the US Supreme Court declared that Congress had no power to ban slavery anywhere due to the fact that slaves were private property.

26. Northern Response
Outraged over the notion of slavery in the northern territories; popular sovereignty by the majority should not deny the rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness to the minority

27. The North and the US Declaration of Independence
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness…

28. Southern Response
Pleased with the opportunity to expand their economic opportunities into the northern territories without restrictive laws placed on them, or their property

29. The South and the US Constitution
Amendment IV
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures…….

30. The South and the US Constitution
Amendment V
…..nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.

31. Northern and Southern Response
“Bleeding Kansas” – in effort to fill the state with slave and non-slave voters, tensions in the state grew to the point of violence as outsiders from both the North and the South moved to the state in huge waves