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Types Cycle Aging Dating Rocks 100 200 300 400 500
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What are the three types of rocks?
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Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic
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How would a glassy igneous rock form?
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Quick cooling / extrusive
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What determines the grain size of an igneous rock?
1.3
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The slower the rock took to cool, the coarser (larger) the grain.
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What kind of rock is made from solutions of dissolved minerals in water?
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Chemical Sedimentary
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What are the two classifications for metamorphic rock?
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non-foliated (no folds)
foliated and non-foliated (no folds)
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What is the process by which sediment is dropped and comes to rest?
2.1
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deposition deposition
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What is needed to form metamorphic rock?
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heat and pressure
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How are igneous rocks formed?
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by magma cooling and crystallizing
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What is the first step to becoming a sedimentary rock?
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weathering
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List, in order, four steps to forming sedimentary rock
2.5
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uplift and exposure, weathering, erosion (transportation), deposition,
compaction, cementation, (lithification)
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What is the term for when the order of geologic events has been established, but no exact date has been determined? 3.1
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Relative Date
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Sequence B, G, E, and F from oldest to youngest.
3.2 G, B, E, F Sequence B, G, E, and F from oldest to youngest.
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G, B, E, F
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What are cross-cutting relationships?
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an intrusion or fault is younger than the rock it cuts through
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Describe uniformitarianism.
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the processes we observe today are the same processes that happened millions or billions of years ago
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List 3 of the 5 geological “rules” or principles used to place geologic events in order.
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original horizonality, inclusions, cross-cutting relationships,
superposition, original horizonality, inclusions, cross-cutting relationships, uniformitarianism
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What is the term used when the exact age of a rock has been determined?
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Absolute Age
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Measuring the age of an object based upon the ratio of parent isotope to daughter decay product is?
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Radiometric Dating
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What is half-life? 4.3
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The amount of time it takes for half of the radioactive material in an object to decay into the next stage
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If a sample started out with 60 radioactive isotopes, how many radioactive and how many stable daughter atoms would be present after 2 half-lives? 4.4
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15 radioactive 45 stable daughter atoms
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In what type of rock would you most likely find fossils?
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Sedimentary
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What type of rock is sandstone?
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sedimentary
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What is the classification of limestone (both the type and its subtype)?
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organic sedimentary
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What rock does granite metamorph into?
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Gneiss
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What rock does marble come from?
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limestone
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What are the three processes that form metamorphic rocks?
contact, ? and ? 5.5
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contact, hydrothermal, and regional
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